Flashcards in Lesson 4A (Part 2) Deck (36)
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1
Hypertrophied column of Bertin
Unresorbed polar parenchyma of the kidney during embryological period
- pseudotumor
2
What does Hypertrophied column of Bertin contain?
Renal cortex
3
What is the renal cortex continuous with?
Adjacent renal cortex
4
Where is Hypertrophied column of Bertin located?
At the junction of upper and middle third
5
What does Hypertrophied column of Bertin demonstrate?
Renal pyramids and usually are < 3cm
6
What does a demonstration of arcuate arteries with colour doppler indicates?
An HCB, rather than a tumour
7
What can differentiate between a HCB and a tumou?r
CECT
8
CECT
Compound enhanced CT
9
Junctional Parenchymal (cortical) Defect
Normal variant located at the point of fusion of the embryological upper and lower poles
10
Where is Junctional Parenchymal (cortical) Defect commonly seen?
Right kidney
11
What does Junctional Parenchymal (cortical) Defect look like?
Triangular shape located at upper to mid kidney
12
What is Junctional Parenchymal (cortical) Defect also known as?
Interrenuncular junction
13
Is the exttrarenal pelvis a normal variant?
Yes
14
Extrarenal pelvis
Renal pelvis lies partly outside of the kidney
15
What can extrarenal pelvis be confused with?
Early obstruction
16
What are the 3 sets of kidneys in embryo?
1. Pronephros
2. Mesonephros
3. Metanephros
17
Where do the kidneys travel from?
The pelvis to the RUQ
18
How do the kidneys rotate as they travel?
Medially 90 degrees
19
When do the pronephroi develop?
Early in 4th week gestation
20
Pronephroi (2)
1. Rudimentary
2. Nonfunctioning
21
When do the mesonephroi develop?
Late in 4th week
22
What do the mesonephroi function as?
Interim kidneys
23
What do the metanephroi function as?
Permanent kidneys
24
What are the congenital anomalies that are related to growth? (3)
1. Hypoplasia
2. Fetal Lobulation
3. Compensatory Hypertrophy
25
Hypoplasia
Too few nephrons in a smaller than normal size kidney
26
What if hypoplasia is unilateral?
No symptoms
27
What if hypoplasia is bilateral
Renal insufficency
28
When is fetal lobulation present?
4-5 years of age
29
When does persistent lobulation occur?
If fetal lobulation doesnt get resolved
30
Fetal lobulation
Infolding of the cortex without loss of cortical parenchyma
31
Compensatory hypertrophy
Occurs when existing healthy nephrons enlarge to allow healthy renal parenchyma to perform more work
32
What does diffuse compensatory hypertrophy occur with? (5)
1. Contralateral nephrectomy
2. Agenesis
3. Hypoplasia
4. Atrophy
5. Dysplasia
33
How does compensatory hypertrophy appear on US?
As an enlarged but normal appearing kidney
34
When does focal compensatory hypertrophy occur?
When residual islands of normal tissue enlarge in a diseased kidney
35
What is compensatory hypertrophy seen with?
Reflux nephropathy
36
