RANDOMS

Question 1

VIRION

Answer 1

an entire virus particle, consisting of an outer protein shell called a capsid and an inner core of nucleic acid

Question 2

FONDAPARINUX

Answer 2

Heparin type
Prevents blood clots
IV or SubQ

Question 3

alpha granules (plts) releases

Answer 3

fibrinigon
factor 5
vWF
plt growth factor

Question 4

Dense granules (plts) releases

Answer 4

ADP/ATP
Calcium
Seratonin

Question 5

a specialized from of hyphal elements (root)

Answer 5

RHIZOIDS – rhizoids are a specialized from of hyphal elements that grow like roots from larger hyph

Question 6

syncytium

Answer 6

a multinucleated cell that can result from multiple cell fusions of uninuclear cells

Happens when RSV fuses (F protein) with itself

Question 7

The first members of the serpin superfamily to be extensively studied were the human plasma proteins _______

Answer 7

Antithrombin and Antitrypsin

Question 8

What neurotransmitter does sweating?

Answer 8

ACh

Question 9

Limits of immune survalence

Answer 9

Non random cancers

Nude mice rarely have rumors

Question 10

The steps of immune editing

Answer 10

Elimination.
Equilibrium
Escape

Question 11

CTLA-4 and PD1 are notable for?

Answer 11

Checkpoint inhibitors.

Downregute cytotoxic activity

Question 12

Tumor Associated Antigen

Answer 12

Antigens not normally found on normal cells (possibly by over expression alone)

Question 13

Tumor specific antigen

Answer 13

Caused by tumor mutation, making no two tumors exactly alike (if present)

Question 14

Carcinoembrryonic Antigen

Answer 14

Found in colon cancer often

Oncofetal gene

Question 15

Differentiation Antigens

Answer 15

Most frequently IDd TAA. OVER EXPRESSED TUMOR PROTEIN

Ex
Her 2.

Question 16

Colon antigen

Answer 16

Expressed uniquely on malignant clone.

Ex:
Surface B cell markers

Question 17

CTL Cells

Answer 17

CD8, sees MHC 1

Secret IFNgama–> attracts macs

Question 18

Th1 cells

Answer 18

CD4 cell
Attracts M1s
Helps activate CTL

Question 19

M2 and tumors

Answer 19

Tumors seem to be protected by M2

Question 20

Natural killer cells

Answer 20

Large Lymphocyte

If MHC 1 decreases (like in tumors) then NKs increase

Question 21

Do antibodies help in the fight against tumors?

Answer 21

Not so much.

Question 22

A prolonged bleeding time indicates a disorder of: ________?

Answer 22

primary hemostasis, due to platelet dysfunction or thrombocytopenia.

Question 23

Treats or prevents blood clots in patients with bleeding problems caused by another medicine called heparin.

Answer 23

Argatroban

Question 24

a drug that reverses the anticoagulant effects of heparin by binding to it.

Answer 24

Protamine sulfate

Question 25

stimulates release of von Willebrand factor and factor VIII from endothelial stores.It will temporarily increase levels of those factors 3 to 5 times.

Answer 25

Desmopressin (DDAVP)

Question 26

Factor VIII concentrate if von Willebrand factor isn’t there for factor VIII to bind to, it will be ________ and won’t help at all.

Answer 26

rapidly degraded

Question 27

key enzyme responsible for clot digestion

Answer 27

Plasmin

Question 28

________ renders resistance to proteolysis by activated protein C (APC)..This then tips the balance of the coagulation system slightly in favor of increased thrombin generation/procoagulation

Answer 28

Factor V Leiden mutation -leads to increased risk of thrombosis

Question 29

released by the rupture of the plasma membrane, which destroys the cell and results in the secretion of the product into the lumen.

Answer 29

Holocrine

Question 30

The sebaceous gland is an example of a ______ because its product of secretion (sebum) is released with remnants of dead cells

Answer 30

holocrine gland

Question 31

Apoeccrine glands are primarily located where

Answer 31

Genital area

Question 32

inked to human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. a neoplastic skin disease; it can be considered as an early stage or intraepidermal form of squamous cell carcinoma.

Answer 32

Bowen’s disease (squamous cell carcinoma in situ)

Question 33

Trichophyton rubrum

Answer 33

presents with annular, scaly patch is a dermatophytic fungus most common cause of athlete's foot, fungal infection of nail, jock itch, and ringworm worldwide