Flashcards in WBC, LN, Spleen Deck (58)
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1
cut off value for clinically significant neutropenia
<500/mm3
considered agranulocytosis
2
most common cause of agranulocytosis
drug toxicity
3
___ syndrome is associated with inadequate of ineffective granulopoiesis
kostmann syndrome
4
___ syndrome of ineffective hematopoeisis. abnormal cells die before they can go out of the marrow resulting to low peripheral blood counts and compensatory hypercellular marrow
myelodysplastic syndrome
5
___ center is the area of B-cell activation
germinal center
6
___ zone contains small, naive B cells in LN
mantle zone
7
pattern of hyperplasia seen in acute viral infections; mottled appearance
paracortical hyperplasia
8
[diagnosis]
younger, primitive cells, aggressive clinical course, amenable to treatment
Acute leukemia
9
[diagnosis]
older, mature looking cells, indolent clinical course, subtle symptoms, resistant to treatment
chronic leukemia
10
sanctuary sites of Bcell ALL and T cell ALL
testis
11
this refers to absence of blasts in peripheral blood; >100,000/mm3
aleukemic leukemia
12
t(15;17)
APML
13
t(12;21)
B-CELL ALL
14
NOTCH-1 mutation
T-CELL ALL
15
[diagnosis]
needle-like azurophilic granules
APML
auer rods
16
___ cells when there are numerous auer rods. seen in APML. Associated with DIC
faggot cells
17
[diagnosis]
constitutional symptoms, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, hypogammaglobinemia, >5,000/mm3 PBS, small lymphocytes with smudge cells
CLL
18
[diagnosis]
constitutional symptoms, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, hypogammaglobinemia, <5,000/mm3 PBS, small lymphocytes with smudge cells
SLL
19
Chronic lymphomas that can undergo Richter Syndrome
CLL, SLL
20
progression of CLL to DLBCL is called
richter syndrome
21
t(9;22)
CML
22
[diagnosis]
WBC >100,000/ mm3
thrombocytosis
Blast <10% in PBS
CML
23
[diagnosis of CML phase]
1. Increasing WBC unresponsive to therapy
2. Basophils >20%
3. Thrombocytes <100,000 unrelated to therapy OR
4. >1,000,000 unresponsive to therapy
5. increasing splenomegaly
Accelerated phase
24
____ (low/high) leukocyte alkaline phosphatase level in CML
low
25
receptor used by drugs in treating CML
Tyrosine Kinase
DOC: imatinib
26
[diagnosis]
LN: large, multiple nuclei or single with multiple lobes, each with nucleolous
Hodgkin lymphoma
27
[subtype of HL]
Reactive T-cells with fibrous bands forming nodules, not associated with EBV
nodular sclerosis
28
[subtype of HL]
mixed leukocytic infiltrate without fibrous nodules, 70% associated with EBC
mixed cellularuty
29
[subtype of HL]
rich reactive T-cell infiltrate, 40% associated with EBV
lymphocyte rich
30
[subtype of HL]
rare reactive lymphocyte, CD15 + and CD 30 +; mostly associated with EBV
lymphocyte depleted
31
[subtype of HL]
reactive B cells, popcorn reed steinberg cells, not associated with EBV
CD15 (-)
CD30 (-)
CD20 (+)
Lymphocyte predominant
32
staging system used in hodgkin lymphoma
ann arbor classification
33
most common indolent lymphoma of adults
follicular lymphoma
34
[diagnosis]
painless, generalized lymphadenopathy,
BMA: paratrabecular lymphoid aggregates, can undergo richter syndrome
transform to DLBCL or Burkitt lymphoma
Follicular lymphoma
35
[diagnosis]
LN involved: single, axial group of nodes (cervical, mediastinal, para-aortic, contiguous spread
Hodgkin lymphoma
36
[diagnosis]
LN involvement: multiple, peripheral LN, non-contiguous spread, has extranodal presentation,
mesenteric and waldeyer ring are commonly involved
non-hodgkin lymphoma
37
most common lymphoma of adults
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
38
[diagnosis]
approx 60/M rapidly enlarging mass at nodal or extranodal site,
histologically, diffuse pattern of growth; large cell with highly anaplastic appearance
DLBCL
39
Immunostains used in DLBCL
CD45, Cytokeratin, vimentin
40
fastest growing human tumor
Burkitt lymphoma
41
[diagnosis]
children/young adults, mandibular mass, 100% latent infection with EBV
Histologically: diffuse infiltration of medium-sized anaplastic lymphocytes that phagocytose apoptotic lymphocytes
Endemic burkitt
42
[diagnosis]
children/young adults, ileocecum, peritoneal mass, 15-20% latent infection with EBV
Histologically: diffuse infiltration of medium-sized anaplastic lymphocytes that phagocytose apoptotic lymphocytes
Sporadic burkitt
43
t(8;14) mutation
burkitt lymphoma
44
[diagnosis, type of NHL]
type of lymphoma that can arise in salivary glands (sjogren syndrome), thyroid gland (hashimoto thyroiditis), stomach (H. pylori)
marginal zone lymphoma
45
[diagnosis]
infiltration of epidermis and upper dermis T cells with cerebriform nuclei
mycosis fungoides/Cutaneous T cell lymphoma
46
____ syndrome associated with mycosis fungoides characterized as generalized exfloative erythroderma and leukemia T-cells with cerebriform nuclei
Sezary Syndrome
47
[diagnosis]
65-75 years old, PAS(+) cytoplasmic (russel bodies) or nuclear inclusion (dutcher bodies) containing Ig
Multiple myeloma
48
[diagnosis]
punched out bone lesions, bence-jone proteinuria, hypercalcemia
Multiple myeloma
49
[type of MDS]
Prussian blue (+) iron-laden mitochondria in erythroblast, megaloblastoid maturation, nuclear budding, abnormalities, mishapen polypoid nuclei
erythroid MDS
50
[type of MDS]
presence of PMNs with only 2 lobes
granulocytic MDS
pseudo pelger huet cell
51
[diagnosis]
pseudo Pelger Huet Cell
Granulocytic MDS
52
[type of MDS]
megakaryocyte with multiple separated nuclei
megakaryocytic MDS
53
[diagnosis]
pawn ball megakaryocyte
megakaryocytic MDS
54
[diagnosis]
JAK2 mutation
plethoric, thrombosis, infarcts, hemorrahge, hyperuricemia, gout, throbbing and burning of hands and feet due to thrombotic occlusion by platelet aggregates
PV
55
[diagnosis]
Thrombosis, infarcts, hemorrhage, escape of erythroid and granulocytic precursos into circulation and sites of extramedullary hematopoiesis
Essential Thrombocytopenia
56
[diagnosis]
extensive deposition of collagen in marrow by non-neoplastic fibroblasts; WBC and platelet predominance, pronounced hepatosplenomegaly, hyperuricemia/gout,
presence of dacrocytes, fibrotic marrow converted into bone, osteo sclerosis
Primary myelofibrosis
57
[diagnosis]
proliferative disorder of dendritic cells in skin, presence of birbeck granules, presence of racket shaped granules
langerhands histiocytosis
58