Flashcards in Red Blood Cell and Bleeding Disorders Deck (58)
Loading flashcards...
1
ratio of the volume of erythrocytes to that of whole blood
hematocrit
2
average volume of red cells
MCV
3
weight of Hgb of the average red cell
MCH
4
Average concentration of hemoglobin in a given volume of packed red cell
MCHC
5
Reflects variability in red cell and shape
RDW
6
[red cell index]
___ = Hgb/3
Hct
7
[red cell index]
____ = RBC x 3
Hgb
8
[red cell index]
___ = Hct/RBC
MCV
macrocytic, microcytic, normocytic
9
[red cell index]
_____ = Hgb/RBC
MCH
hypochromic, normchromic
10
[red cell index]
____ = (Hgb/Hct) x 100
MCHC
11
[diagnosis]
increased MCHC, RBC is round, without central pallor
intrinsic type of hemolysis, extravascular site of hemolysis
Hereditary spherocytosis
12
[diagnosis]
Heins bodies, Bite Cells, Protective against malaria
intrinsic type of hemolysis, intravascular and extravascular site of hemolysis
G6PD deficiency
13
[diagnosis]
presence of codocytes (dehydrated RBCs), drepanocytes, protective against malaria, extramedullary hematopoeisis
intrinsic type of hemolysis, extravascular site of hemolysis
Sickle cell anemia
14
[diagnosis]
E6V mutation; RBC changes shape in low pH and low oxygen tension
Sickle cell anemia
15
Hydroxyurea is used in treating sickle cell anemia. This increasesthe ____
HbF
16
[diagnosis]
symptomatic infants starting 5-6 months of age, acute splenomegaly, painful vaso-occlusive crisis, causes autosplenectomy
sickle cell anemia
17
[diagnosis]
infants become symptomatic at 6-9 months of age, crew-cut appearance
microcytic, hypochromic anemia, intrinsic type, extravascular hemolysis
beta thalassemia
18
[diagnosis]
deficiency in complement regulatory proteins CD55, CD59, C8 binding protein
increased complement mediated lysis (C5-9)
less blood pH at night, increases complement activity
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria
19
most common immunohemolytic anema
warm agglutinin
20
[type of immunohemolytic anemia]
IgG
Associated with SLE nad drugs
warm agglutinin
21
[type of immunohemolytic anemias]
IgM mediated
associated with mycoplasmal infections and infectious mononucleosis
prefers fingers, toes, aears
Cold agglutinin disease
22
[type of agglutinin]
low RBC, increased MCV, increased MCHC
PBS: red cell agglutination
cold agglutinins
23
[hypoproliferative anemia]
impaired nuclear maturation with normal cytoplasmic maturation (nuclear-cytoplasmic asynchrony); abnormally large erythroid precursors and red cells; megakaryocyte is large with bizarre, multilobate nuclei
megaloblastic anemia
24
[diagnosis]
anisocytosis, poikilocytosis, giant metamyelocytesa nd band forms (>/ 5 lobes)
megakaryocyte: large, with bizarre, multilobate
megaloblastic anemia
25
vitamin deficiency associated with neurologic manifestations (degeneration of posterolateral cord tracts)
Vitamin B12
26
[type of anemia]
microcytic, hypochromic, increased RDW
low serum Fe, low ferritin, increased TIBC
IDA
27
[type of anemia]
low serum iron, high ferritin, low transferrin
Anemia of chronic disease
28
[diagnosis]
Normocytic, normochromic
BMA: hypocellular, dry tap
Aplastic anemia
29
[diagnosis]
normocytic, normochromic
BMA: virtually absent erythroblasts in marrow, normal granulo- and thrombopoietic elements
pure red cell aplasia
30
virus that preferentially infect erythroid precurosrs
parvovirus
31
[diagnosis]
space occupying lesion that replace normal marrow elements; tear-drop shaped cells
myelopthisic anemia
32
[diagnosis]
abnormally high red cell county with increase in hemoglobin;
polycythemia vera
33
deranged bleeding ime means there is a defect in platelet _____
function
34
[diagnosis]
usually seen in adults 40y/o, associated with SLE, CLL, HIV; antibodies against gp IIb-IIIa, gbIb-IX
BMA: increased megakaroyocytes
PBS: large platelets
Spleen congestion, follicular hyperplasia
Treated with glucocorticoids
Chronic ITP
35
[diagnosis]
usually seen in children associated with post-viral illness; antibodies against gp IIb-IIIa, gbIb-IX
BMA: increased megakaroyocytes
PBS: large platelets
Spleen congestion, follicular hyperplasia
self limited`
acute itp
36
[diagnosis]
defect in platelet adhesion due to deficiency in gpIb-IX
bernard-soulier disease
37
[diagnosis]
defect in platelet aggregation due to deficiency in gpIIb-IIIa
glanzman thrombastenia
38
most common inherited bleeding disorder
von willebrand disease
39
[diagnosis]
platelet count: normal
bleeding time: impaired
von willebrand
40
[diagnosis]
platelet count: normal
bleeding time: normal
hemophilia
41
most common hereditary syndrome with life threatening bleeding
hemophilia
42
[diagnosis]
1. microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
2. Thrombocytopenia
3. Renal failure
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
normal ADAMTS13 level
43
[diagnosis]
1. microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
2. Thrombocytopenia
3. Renal failure
4. Fever
5. Neurologic manifestation
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
44
[diagnosis]
ADAMTS13 is decreased
TTP
45
this is a metalloproteinase of vWF that is normal in HUS
ADAMTS13
46
___ syndrome wherein a thrombi lodged to a gian hemangioma (DIC-related)
Kasabach-Merritt Syndrome)
47
[diagnosis]
low PC, prolonged bleeding time, prolonged PT, prolonged aPTT
DIC
48
[diagnosis, bleeding disorders]
PC: normal
Bleeding time: normal
PT: normal
PTT: normal
Ehler-Danlos
49
[diagnosis, bleeding disorders]
PC: low
Bleeding time: prolonged
PT: normal
PTT: normal
ITP or TTP
50
[diagnosis, bleeding disorders]
PC: low
Bleeding time: prolonged
PT: normal
PTT: normal
Bernard soulier
51
[diagnosis, bleeding disorders]
PC: normal
Bleeding time: prolonged
PT: normal
PTT: normal
glanzmann thrombastenia
52
[diagnosis, bleeding disorders]
PC: normal
Bleeding time: prolonged
PT: normal
PTT: prolonged
vWF disease
53
[diagnosis, bleeding disorders]
PC: normal
Bleeding time: normal
PT: normal
PTT: prolonged
hemophilia
54
[diagnosis, bleeding disorders]
PC: normal
Bleeding time: normal
PT: prolonged
PTT: prolonged
vitamin K deficiency
55
[diagnosis, bleeding disorders]
PC: low
Bleeding time: prolonged
PT: prolonged
PTT: prolonged
DIC
56
[type of transfusion reaction]
presence of preformed IgM to donor red cell antigen
Acute hemolytic transfusion reactions
57
[type of transfusion reaction]
IgG to red cell antigen the patient was previously sensitized to
Delayed
58