cardiovascular physiology

Question 1

Difference between infantile type aortic coarctation and adult

Answer 1

Infantile proximal to ligamentum arteriosum; adult type distal.

Question 2

Five T’s of congenital cyanotic heart disease

Answer 2

TOF, Transposition of the great arteries, truncus arteriosus, tricupsid atresia/pulmonary atresia, total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage

Question 3

VSD auscultation

Answer 3

loudest at left lower sternal border, tricuspid area.

Question 4

T-type calcium channel

Answer 4

• cardiac + smooth muscle + neurons in CNS

- transient calcium channel

Question 5

L-type calcium channels

Answer 5

• long-lasting
• channel responsible for excitation-contraction coupling of skeletal, smooth, cardiac muscle.
• also aldosterone secretion in endocrine cells.