Ch. 1 Psychology Flashcards
(31 cards)
What did John Locke do?
A British political philosopher An Essay Concerning Human Understanding argued the mind at birth was tabula rasa
What is Tabula Rasa
A blank slate
How do we define psychology today?
The science of behavior and mental processes
Who is Wilhelm Wundt
He began the first psychological laboratory in Leipzig, Germany. Structuralism
What is Structuralism?
Giving the mind a sort of structure in order to gain more knowledge about one’s self
What is Functionalism?
Philosophy that considers mental life and behavior in terms of active adaptation to the person’s environment
Who is introspection?
Looking inwards to determine information
Who is William James?
A legendary teacher/ writer who authored an important 1890 psychology text. Functionalism
Who is Mary Calkins?
Pioneering memory researcher and the first woman to be president of the APA
Who is Margaret Washburn?
The first woman to receive a psychology Ph. D. She synthesized animal behavior research in The Animal Mind
Who is John Watson
Championed psychology as the science of behavior and demonstrated conditioned responses on a baby who became famous as “Little Albert” behaviorism
What is behaviorism
Human or animal psychology can be accurately studied only through the examination and analysis of objectively observable and quantifiable behavioral events
Who is Sigmund Freud
Austrian neurologist who came up with the theory of psychoanalysis
What is the psychoanalytic theory?
The role of unconscious impulses and overcoming conflicts
What is Gestalt psychology?
Seeking to explain perceptions and behaviors in terms of a whole instead of breaking them into smaller parts
Who were the main contributors to the Gestalt psychology
German psychologists. Wertheimet and Kohler
Nature vs Nurture
We inherit intelligence and character vs we learn it
What is natural selection
Survival of the fittest
What was the Cognitive revolution?
Revolution that led the field back to interests in mental processes
Psychological perspectives
Biological Cognitive Evolutionary Behavioral Psychoanalytic Social cultural Humanistic
Biological perspective
How the body and brain enable emotions, memories, and sensory experiments. Inherited
Cognitive perspective
How we encode, process, store, and retrieve information. Brain processes
Evolutionary perspective
Natural selection of traits promoted the survival of genes. Survival
Psychoanalytic perspective
Behavior springs from unconscious drives and conflicts. Unconscious
