Unit 9 Psychology

Question 0

Embryos

Answer 0

2 weeks after conception

Question 1

Developmental psychology

Answer 1

Studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span

Question 2

Fetuses

Answer 2

9 weeks after conception.

Question 3

Teratogens

Answer 3

An agent or factor that causes malformation of an embryo

Question 4

Fetal alcohol syndrome

Answer 4

Retardation of mental development and of physical growth because of alcohol

Question 5

Rooting reflex

Answer 5

Stroking cheek makes babies turn towards hand and open mouth looking for nipple

Question 6

Sucking reflex

Answer 6

When babies find a nipple the immediately begin sucking

Question 7

Grasping reflex

Answer 7

When you put your hand on a baby’s they automatically squeeze it

Question 8

Habituation

Answer 8

The diminishing of a physiological or emotional response to a frequently repeated stimulus

Question 9

Newborns have been observed to show the greatest visual interest in what?

Answer 9

Faces over bodies

Question 10

Pruning

Answer 10

Shuts down unused fiber pathways and strengthens others

Question 11

Infantile amnesia

Answer 11

The inability to retain memories before the age of 2-4

Question 12

Schemas

Answer 12

Mental molds in which we pour our experiences

Question 13

Assimilation

Answer 13

Interpreting one’s new experiences in terms of one’s existing schemes

Question 14

Accommodation

Answer 14

Adapting one’s current understandings to incorporate new information

Question 15

Object permanence

Answer 15

The knowledge that objects continue to exist even when they are out of view

Question 16

Egocentrism

Answer 16

When you can only see the world from your viewpoint

Question 17

Reversibility

Answer 17

Being able to reverse the order of relationships between mental categories

Question 18

Conservation

Answer 18

Properties such as mass, volume, and number stay the same despite changes in objects

Question 19

Sensorimotor

Answer 19

0-2 object permanence

Question 20

Preoperational

Answer 20

2-7 egocentrism, animism, cannot understand conservation

Question 21

Concrete operational

Answer 21

7-11 difficulty understanding abstract. Understand reversibility

Question 22

Formal operational

Answer 22

11+ develope abstract concepts, logical thought, deductive reasoning , and systematic planning

Question 23

Theory of mind

Answer 23

Ability to infer other’s mental states

Question 24

Autism

Answer 24

Can't take another person's viewpoint

Question 25

Vygotsky's scaffolding

Answer 25

Knowledge comes from observing others

Question 26

Harlow's study of monkeys

Answer 26

The monkey's only used the wire mother for food but we're scared to leave sir cloth mother. They seek comfort more than food.

Question 27

Imprinting

Answer 27

The process by which certain animals from strong attachments during an early life critical period

Question 28

Critical periods

Answer 28

Optimal period when an organism's exposure to certain stimuli or experiences produces proper development

Question 29

Attachment theories

Answer 29

We seeking a bond and to be nurtured naturally

Question 30

Self concept

Answer 30

All our thoughts and feelings about ourselves in answer to the question... Who am I?

Question 31

Gender role

Answer 31

A set of expected behaviors for males or females

Question 32

Gender identity

Answer 32

Our sense of being male or female

Question 33

Parenting styles

Answer 33

Authoritarian- high value on obedience and respect Permissive- minimal controls on children Authoritative- encourages give and take Uninvolved- little communication, absent

Question 34

Kohlberg's theory of morals

Answer 34

Preconventional- self interest obey the rules to not get in trouble Conventional- gaining social approval Postconventional- actions reflect beliefs in basic rights and self-defined ethical principles

Question 35

Erikson's psychosocial stages

Answer 35

``` Infancy- trust v mistrust Toddlers- autonomy v shame Preschool- initiative v guilt Elementary- competence v inferiority Adolescence- identity v role confusion Young adult- intimacy v isolation Middle adult- generatively v stagnation Late adult- integrity v despair ```

Question 36

Kubler Ross Stages of Death

Answer 36

``` Denial Anger Bargaining Depression Acceptance ```