Unit 6.1 Psychology Flashcards
(18 cards)
Habituation
an organism’s decreasing response to a stimulus with repeating exposure to it
Learning
The process of acquiring new and relatively enduring information or behaviors
Associative learning
Learning that certain events go together
Stimulus
Any event or situation that evokes a response
Cognitive learning
The acquisition of mental information, wether by observing events, by watching others, or through language
Classical conditioning
A type of learning in which one learns to link two or more stimuli and anticipate events
Behaviorism
The view that psychology should be an objective science that studies behavior without reference to mental processes
Neutral stimulus
In classical conditioning, a stimulus that elicits no response before conditioning
Unconditioned response
An unlearned naturally occurring response to an unconditioned stimulus
Unconditioned stimulus
A stimulus that unconditionally triggers a response
Conditioned response
A learned response to a perviously neutral stimulus
Conditioned stimulus
An originally irrelevant stimulus that, after association with an unconditioned stimulus, comes to trigger a conditioned response
Acquisition
The initial stage, when one links a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus so that the neutral stimulus begins triggering the conditioned response
Higher-order conditioning
A procedure in which the conditioned stimulus is one conditioning experience is paired with a new neutral stimulus, creating a second conditioned stimulus
Extinction
The diminishing of a conditioned response
When an unconditioned stimulus does not follow a conditioned stimulus
Spontaneous recovery
The reappearance, after a pause, of an extinguished conditioned response
Generalization
The tendency, once a response has been conditioned, for stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus to elicit similar responses
Discrimination
The learned ability to distinguished between a conditioned stimulus and stimuli that do not signal an unconditioned stimulus
