Unit 3.2 Psychology

Question 0

Central nervous system

Answer 0

The brain and the spinal cord

Question 1

Nervous system

Answer 1

The body’s speedy electrochemical communication network consisting of all nerve cells of the peripheral and central nervous systems

Question 2

Peripheral nervous system

Answer 2

The sensory and motor neurons that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body

Question 3

Nerves

Answer 3

Bundled axons that form neural cables connecting the central nervous system with muscles, glands, and sense organs

Question 4

Sensory neurons

Answer 4

Neurons that carry incoming information from the sensory receptors to the brain and spinal cord

Question 5

Motor neurons

Answer 5

Neurons that carry outgoing information from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands

Question 6

Interneurons

Answer 6

Neurons within the brain and spinal cord that communicate internally and intervene between the sensory inputs and motor outputs

Question 7

Somatic nervous system

Answer 7

The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body’s skeletal muscles

Question 8

Autonomic nervous system

Answer 8

The part of the peripheral nervous system that controls that glands and muscles of the internal organs. Its sympathetic division arouses; its parasympathetic division calms

Question 9

Sympathetic nervous system

Answer 9

The division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body, mobilizing its energy in stressful situations

Question 10

Parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 10

The division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body, conserving its energy

Question 11

Reflex

Answer 11

A simple, automatic response to sensory stimulus, such as the knee jerk response

Question 12

Endocrine system

Answer 12

The body’s slow chemical communication system; a set of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream

Question 13

Hormones

Answer 13

Chemical messengers that are manufactured by the endocrine glands travel through the bloodstream and affect other tissues

Question 14

Adrenal glands

Answer 14

A pair of endocrine glands that sit just above the kidneys and secrete hormones that help arouse the body in times of stress

Question 15

Pituitary gland

Answer 15

The endocrine system’s most influential gland. Under the influence of the hypothalamus, the pituitary regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands