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From Flashcardlet > Construction 3 > Flashcards

Construction 3 Flashcards

1
Q

A ($$$$) is defined as any effect or force that a structure must resist.

A

Load

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2
Q

When air is in motion it posses ($$$$) according to the following fundamental relationship.

A

Kinetic energy

E=1/2(m)v2

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3
Q

($$$). The impact the wind has on a surface.

A

Direct pressure

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4
Q

($$$$$) when wind encounter an object, its fluid nature causes it to flow around the object. This exerts a drag effect on the object

A

Aerodynamic drag

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5
Q

($$$$$). A suction effect produced on the down wind side of the building exulting in an outward pressure.

A

Negative pressure

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6
Q

($$$$$). A back and forth effect due to the variations in the velocity of the wind

A

Rocking effect

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7
Q

($$$$). Wind passing over a surface such as a roof may cause vibration on the surface depending on the velocity of the wind and the harmonic characteristics of the surface.

A

Vibration

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8
Q

($$$$). The tendency of wind to dislodge objects from a building.

A

Clean off effect

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9
Q

($$$$$) forces developed by earthquakes.

A

Seismic forces

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10
Q

The shifting of the earths surface can produce forces that are either ($$$$$$$) or ($$$$$) in nature.

A

Torsional

Resonant

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11
Q

($$$$$) are produced in structural members when it is twisted.

A

Torsional

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12
Q

($$$$) are movements of relatively large amplitude resulting from a small force applied at the natural frequency of the structure.

A

Resonant forces

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13
Q

One phenomenon associated with earthquakes is ($$$$$), it occurs where the soil is of loose, sandy nature and it is saturated with water

A

Soil liquefaction

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14
Q

The basic concept of ($$$$) is to isolate the building from the horizontal movement of the earth surface.

A

Base isolation

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15
Q

($$$$). Structural element designed to control vibration.

A

Damping mechanism

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16
Q

($$$$) creates a layer between the building and foundation which has a low horizontal stiffness.

A

Elastomeric bearings

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17
Q

($$$$$).make use of special plates sliding on each other. These systems isolate the building from the horizontal shear force created by a earth quake.

A

Sliding systems

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18
Q

The pressure exerted by the soil against the foundation is known as the ($$$$)

A

Active soil pressure

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19
Q

The force of the foundation against the soil is known as the ($$$$$$$).

A

Passive soil pressure

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20
Q

($$$$) is the weight of any per infante part of the building.

A

Dead load.

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21
Q

A ($$$$) is any load that is not fixed or permanent.

A

Live load

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22
Q

A ($$$$) is applied at one point or over a small area.

A

Concentrated load

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23
Q

A stream of water discharging 250 gpm introduces ($$$$$) of water per minute.

A

2082 pounds

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24
Q

A water depth of three inches will impose a load of ($$$$) per square foot.

A

20.8

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25
Q

($$$$) loads that involve motion

A

Dynamic load

26
Q

($$$$) are loads that are steady or applied gradually.

A

Static

27
Q

When the support provided by a structural system is equal to the applied loads, a condition known as ($$$$) exists

A

Equilibrium

28
Q

The forces that easiest the applied loads are known as ($$$$$$)

A

Reactions

29
Q

A beam that is supported on one end is known as a ($$$$$)

A

Cantilever

30
Q

($$$$) tends to pull the material apart.

A

Tension

31
Q

($$$$) tends to squeeze the material

A

Compression

32
Q

($$$) tends to slide one plane of the material against an adjacent plane.

A

Shear

33
Q

The magnitude of the interior forces that occur in structural members is evaluated by quantity known as ($$$$). Is a measurement of force intensity as is expressed as force units divided by the area over which the force is applied

A

Stress

34
Q

With ordinary steel the yield point stress also known as failure point is about ($$$$$$$)

A

36000psi

35
Q

($$$$) point at which the material ceases to preform satisfactory.

A

Failure point

36
Q

Exterior loads can be defined as

A

Axial
eccentric
Torsional

37
Q

An ($$$) load is applied to the center of the cross section of a structural member and perpendicular to that croo section.

A

Axial load

38
Q

An ()))$$) load is a load that is perpendicular to the cross section of the structural member but does not pass through the center

A

Eccentric

39
Q

A ($$$$) load is offset FRO the center of the cross section of the structural member and at an angle to or in the same plane as the cross section.

A

Torsional load

40
Q

A ($$$$) is a structural member that can carry loads perpendicular to its longitudinal dimension.

A

Beam

41
Q

The primary sign consideration of beams is their ability to resist ($$$) form the applied loads.

A

Bending

42
Q

If a beam supports loads he top of the beam is subject to ($$$$$) and the bottom of the beam is subject to ($$$$$)

A

Compressive stresses

Tension

43
Q

At the middle of the beam, a point known as the ($$$$$), the tension an compression stresses are actually zero.

A

Neutral axis

44
Q

In an I beam the top nd bottom portion of the beam are known as ($$$$$)

A

Flanges

45
Q

Tall beams are capable a of supporting greater loads than short beams, even if they have the same cross sectional area

A

Beams

46
Q

($$$) are structural members designed to support axial compressive loads.

A

Columns

47
Q

($$$$) verticle supporting member

A

Column

48
Q

Thin columns fail by ($$$$)

A

Buckling

49
Q

Squatty columns fail by ($$$$)

A

Crushing

50
Q

($$$$$) an ($$$$) is a structural member in which the interior stresses are primarily compressive.

A

Arch

51
Q

A cable used lo support loads over long distances will assume the shape of a ($$$$$)

A

Parabola

52
Q

($$$$) can be thought of as flexible structural members that can be used to support.

A

Cables

53
Q

($$$) are framed structural units made up of a group of triangles in one plane.

A

Trusses

54
Q

The top members of a truss are called ($$$$) the bottom members are called ($$$$). The diagonal members are either called ($$$$$$$).

A

Top chords
Bottom chords
Diagonals or web members

55
Q

Light weight wood or metal trusses known as ($$$$) have become very common in floor construction, taking the place of solid joist.

A

Truss joist

56
Q

($$$$) are truss structures that are developed in three dimension.

A

Space frames

57
Q

A common method of construction uses the walls of a building to support spanning elements such as beams, trusses, and precast concrete slabs. These are appropriately known as ($$$$$$$$$) structures.

A

Bearing wall

58
Q

($$$$). Wall that supports itself or the roof and or internal structural framing components .

A

Bearing wall

59
Q

($$$$$$) uses relatively closely spaced verticle steel studs connected by top and bottom horizontal members.

A

Steel stud

60
Q

($$$$) uses a series of vertical elements (the post) to support horizontal elements (the beams) that are subject to transverse loads.

A

Post and beam construction

From Flashcardlet (110 decks)

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