Flashcards in GN Deck (10)
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0
Q
Categories of hematuria?
A
- Intrarenal (Kidney trauma, renal stones, GN, pyelonephritis, RCC, vascular injury)
- Extrarenal (Foley trauma, infections, nephrolithiasis, prostate/bladder cancer)
1
Q
Patient with red dark urine – causes?
A
- True hematuria (RBCs)
2. pigmented urine (myoglobin, hemoglobin)
2
Q
RBC casts indicate?
A
Glomerular origin
3
Q
Nephritis versus nephrosis?
A
Inflammatory (hematuria, edema, hypertension) verses noninflammatory (no active sediment in the urine)
4
Q
Mechanisms for nephritic findings?
A
Hematuria – ruptured capillaries of the glomerulus
Proteinuria – altered permeability of the capillary walls
Edema – salt andwater retention
Hypertension – disturbed homeostasis of BO
5
Q
Secondary renal disorders?
A
- Lupus (+ANA)
- Postinfectious GN (+ASO)
- Hepatitis C/B (cryo- GM)
- Medium/small vessel vasculitis related (polyarteritis nodosa; Wegner, Chrug-Strauss, microscopic polyangiitis, Henoch-Schonlein purpura)
- Infective endocarditis related
6
Q
Types of immune mediated injury to the glomeruli? Tx?
A
- Complement mediated.
- Ab-mediated - plasmapheresis
- ANCA Mediated (pauci-immune) - Steroids/cyclophosphamide
7
Q
Differentiating between the ANCAs?
A
Wegner’s – c-ANCA
P-ANCAs
- Microscopic polyangiitis - No granulomas
- Churg-Strauss - Granulomas, asthma, eosinophilia
- Polyateritis nodosa
8
Q
GNs positive anti-GBM antibodies?
A
- no lung involvement - Anti-GBM GN
2. Lung involvement – Goodpasture’s
9
Q
Complement mediated GN?
A
- Lupus (+ANA)
- Postinfectious GN (+ASO)
- Hepatitis C/B (cryo- GM)
- Infectious endocarditis (+blood culture)
- RPGN