Anaphylaxis Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Anaphylaxis Deck (14)
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0
Q

Angioedema?

A

Swelling lips, periorbital region, face, hands, feet

1
Q

Patient with anaphylaxis – next step?

A
  1. IM epinephrine

2. Corticosteroids and H1/H2 blockers

2
Q

Anaphylactoid reactions?

A

Like anaphylaxis but not caused by immunologic mechanisms

3
Q

Anaphylaxis results from?

A

Immunologic IgE-mediated mechanism

4
Q

Most common cause of drug related anaphylaxis? Most common cause of food related anaphylaxis?

A

Penicillins; Peanuts

5
Q

Anaphylaxis reactions usually occur within?

A

5-60 minutes

6
Q

Clinical Manifestations of anaphylaxis?

A

Flushing, urticaria, angioedema, diaphoresis

Nasal – sneezing, rhinorrhea, congestion
Throat – hoarseness, strider, laryngeal edema
Breathing – dyspnea, tachypnea, wheezing, Cyanosis
Cardiac – tachycardia, bradycardia, hypotension, arrhythmia
G.I. – nausea/vomiting, diarrhea,
Neuro – dizziness, weakness, syncope, seizures

7
Q

Erythema multiforme minor?

A

Target lesions that occurs after HSV or other infection or drugs.

8
Q

Erythema multiforme major? Findings? Causes?

A

SJS, involves two or more mucosal surfaces. Petechia, vesicles, bullae, Desquamation of skin

Usually caused by sulfa drugs or NSAIDs

9
Q

Toxic epidermal necrolysis?

A

Similar to SJS but greater than 30% epidermal detachment.

Symptoms include: fevers, 
Nero – seizures, coma, headache
Joints – arthralgias
Eyes – corneal ulcerations
Cardiac – arrhythmias, pericarditis,
10
Q

Serum sickness: Time of onset? Symptoms?

A

Allergic reaction 7-10 days after primary administration (Or 2-4 days after secondary administration) of a drug

Fever, polyarthralgia, urticaria, Lymphadenopathy, glomerulonephritis

11
Q

Sermon sickness: pathophysiology? Treatment?

A

Caused by formation of immune new complexes of IgG

Antihistamines, aspirin, NSAIDs

12
Q

Iodine allergy? Mechanism? Pretreatment? Not related to?

A

Radiologic contrast allergy.

Caused by hyperosmolar dye causing granulations of mast cells and basophils (not a true allergic reaction)

treat with preemptive diphenhydramine, H2-blockers, and corticosteroids 12 hours before procedure

No evidence that seafood allergy is related to adverse events

13
Q

Dilantin (phenytoin) hypersensitivity: Manifests as? Associated with? Mechanism? Treatment?

A

Skin rash up to TEN. Associated with drug fever that resembles infectious mononucleosis

Not IgE mediated (unclear mechanism)

Treatment is withdrawal of offending agent

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