MKSAP - Hematology Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in MKSAP - Hematology Deck (27)
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0
Q

Patient with prolonged bleeding time and mild coagulopathy – diagnosis?

A

Von Willebrands disease

1
Q

In the absence of inflammation, lower and upper limit of normal ferritin?

In patients with inflammatory disorder, and ferritin lower than 120, likely cause of anemia?

A

15; 30

Iron deficiency in setting of inflammatory anemia

2
Q

Normal bleeding time, PT, PTT?

A

<10 minutes, 11–13 seconds, ??

3
Q

Prior to surgery, only need to test for coagulation disorders if?

A

Positive family history, liver disease, anticoagulation therapy

4
Q

Patient with suspected avascular necrosis/osteonecrosis – test?

A
  1. Plain radiograph

2. If normal X-Ray: MRI (if MRI contraindicated use radionuclide bone scan)

5
Q

Patient with suspected HIT – management? Gold standard for diagnosis?

A

Stop heparin, start agatroban/lepirudin. Serotonin release assay.

6
Q

Pseudo-thrombocytopenia?

A

Platelets agglutinate in clumps and are not recognized by blood counters

7
Q

ITP – treatment?

A

Corticosteroids

8
Q

Patient with previous PE who just finish a course of warfarin. Family history of DVT’s – next step?

A

Thrombophilia screening two weeks after completion of warfarin

9
Q

Hypercalcemia in presence of acute kidney injury suggests?

Most common initial finding these patients?

A

Multiple Myeloma

Renal failure

10
Q

G6PD deficiency – symptoms? Smear findings? Lab findings?

A

Jaundice and dark urine (with or without abdominal/back pain)

Bite cells and Heinz bodies

Increased reticulocytes

11
Q

Spherocytes on peripheral blood smear suggest? Test to differentiate?

A

Hereditary spherocytosis or warm antibody-mediated hemolysis

Direct antigobulin test is positive in warm antibody-based mediated hemolysis

12
Q

Symptoms of macroangiopathic versus microangiopathic hemolytic anemia?

A

Appears well, no evidence of organ dysfunction, normal platelet count versus opposite

13
Q

Warm antibody-mediated hemolytic anemia – common complication of?

A

Lymphoid malignancies

14
Q

Mixing studies differentiate between?

A

Factor deficiency versus presence of inhibitor

15
Q

How to differentiate between DIC and TTP/HUS?

A

DIC has Elevations in PT, PTT, D-dimer, and low fibrinogen levels

16
Q

Signs of pulmonary hypertension?

A

Fix splitting of S2, tricuspid regurgitation, right ventricular heave, clear lungs

17
Q

Treatment of acute chest syndrome?

A

Exchange transfusion

18
Q

Evans syndrome?

A

Combination of ITP and warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia

19
Q

Patient with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome – criteria for diagnosis? Test to confirm? Length of coagulation?

A

History of thrombotic event and persistent lupus anticoagulant/IgG anti-cardiolipin/beta-2-glycoprotein one antibodies

Two positive laboratory tests (anti-cardiolipin antibody or lupus inhibitor assay) 12 weeks apart

lifelong anticoagulation

20
Q

Factor V Leiden mutation?

A

Factor V is resistant to cleavage by protein C

21
Q

Hyper homocystinemia increases risk for?

A

Venous and arterial thrombosis

22
Q

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance – characterized by?

A

M-protein and t deficiency

23
Q

Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia involves?

A

Bone marrow, lymph node, splenic involvement and hyperviscosity syndrome

24
Q

Diagnose CLL with?

A

Flow cytometry

25
Q

Leukemia with increased numbers of granulocytic cells? Oncogenes?

A

CML; BCR-ABL

26
Q

Treatment for AML? APL?

A

Azacitidine;

all-trans-retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide

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