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Flashcards in Stenosis Deck (16)
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0
Q

Aortic stenosis in patient younger than 30 years is usually caused by?

A

Congenital bicuspid valve

1
Q

Most common valvular abnormality adults?

A

Aortic stenosis

2
Q

Aortic stenosis in patients 30 to 70 years old is usually caused by?

A

Congenital stenosis or acquired rheumatic heart disease

3
Q

Aortic stenosis in patients older than 70 years is usually caused by?

A

Degenerative calcific stenosis

4
Q

Physical findings in aortic stenosis?

A
  1. Narrow pulse pressure
  2. Harsh late peaking systolic murmur
  3. delayed slowly rising carotid upstroke (pulsus parvus et tardes)
5
Q

Late peaking systolic murmur of aortic stenosis is heard best where?

A

Right second intercostal space with radiation to carotid arteries

6
Q

In a patient with aortic stenosis expected ECG conclusion? Expected Doppler echo finding?

A

Left ventricular hypertrophy. Thickened, abnormal valve

7
Q

Normal surface area of aortic valve? Surface area in severe aortic stenosis?

A

3-4 cm squared. 1 cm squared.

8
Q

Typical symptoms of aortic stenosis? Mean survival with each symptom?

A
  1. Angina pectoris (retrosternal chest pain precipitated by exercise) - 5 years
  2. syncopal episodes - 3 years
  3. Heart failure - 2 years
9
Q

Patients with severe stenosis and symptomatic should be considered for?

A

Aortic valve replacement

10
Q

Test used to provide definite assessment of aortic valve area and pressure gradient?

A

Cardiac catheterization

11
Q

In aortic stenosis patients who are not good candidates for valve replacement - treatment?

A

Balloon valvuloplasty but this will provide only temporary relief of symptoms

12
Q

Almost all cases of mitral stenosis in adults are secondary to?

A

Rheumatic heart disease

13
Q

Physical signs of mitral stenosis?

A

Loud S1 and then opening snap with S2 followed by low-pitched diastolic rumble

14
Q

To hear low pitched diastolic rumble, listen where?

A

At apex with the bell of the stethoscope

15
Q

Complications of mitral stenosis?

A

Left atrial dilation leading to pulmonary hypertension

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