Pulm - Bronchiectasis, ABPA, Cystic Fibrosis Flashcards Preview

Medicine > Pulm - Bronchiectasis, ABPA, Cystic Fibrosis > Flashcards

Flashcards in Pulm - Bronchiectasis, ABPA, Cystic Fibrosis Deck (14)
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0
Q

Presentation of bronchiectasis?

A
#High-volume purulent sputum production
#hemoptysis
#dyspnea
1
Q

Single most common cause of bronchiectasis?

Other causes?

A

Cystic fibrosis

#Infections – tuberculosis, pneumonia, abscess
#Hypogammaglobulinemia
#Foreign bodies/tumors
#Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
#Collagen vascular disease (rheumatoid arthritis)
2
Q

Cannot diagnose bronchiectasis without?

A

Imaging (CT scan)

3
Q

Treatment of bronchiectasis?

A
#Chest physiotherapy
#Antibiotics on rotating schedule
#Surgical resection of focal lesions
4
Q

ABPA? Definition? Patient population?

A

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

Hypersensitivity to fungal antigens

Exclusively in patients with asthma and history of atopic disorder

5
Q

Typical presentation of ABPA?

A

Cough, wheezing, hemoptysis and sometimes bronchiectasis

Asthmatic patient with recurrent episodes of brown-flecked sputum and transient infiltrates on x-ray

6
Q

Diagnostic tests for ABPA?

A
#Peripheral eosinophilia
 #skin test reactivity to Aspergillus
#Aspergillus anti-bodies
#Elevated IGE
#infiltrates in imaging
7
Q

Treatment of ABPA?

A
#Oral steroids for severe cases (inhaled steroids ineffective)
#Itraconizole for recurrent episodes
8
Q

Most common cause of death in CF?

Other Organs damaged?

A

Lung disease

#Sinuses (infections)
# Pancreas (steatorrhea, ADEK deficiencies, recurrent pancreatitis)
#liver (biliary cirrhosis)
#Intestines (obstructions, meconium ileus as child)
#GU tract (azoospermia, infertility, missing vas deferens)
9
Q

Presentation cystic fibrosis?

A
#Young adults with chronic lung disease
#Recurrent infection
#Sinus pain/nasal polyps
10
Q

Diagnostic test for CF?

A

Increased sweat chlorine test (over 60 mEq/L) > genotyping

11
Q

PFT in CF?

A
#Mixed obstructive and restrictive pattern
#Decrease in FVC and TLC
#Decreased Diffusion capacity
12
Q

Treatment for CF?

A
#Antibiotics based on sputum culture (inhaled aminoglycosides)
#Inhaled recombinant human deoxyribonuclease (breaks down DNA in mucus clogging airways)
#Inhaled bronchodilators
#Pneumococcal/influenza vaccination
#transplant
13
Q

Diabetes in cystic fibrosis?

A

Islet cells are spared. Beta-cell function is normal until very late in life

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