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Flashcards in Heme - Anemia Deck (27)
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0
Q

Normal reticulocyte count?

A

1%

1
Q

Anemia cutoffs?

A

Hemoglobin <12 in women

2
Q

Most common cause of Fe deficiency anemia in men? Woman?

A

G.I. bleeding. Menstrual loss

3
Q

Causes of G.I. blood loss?

A

Upper G.I. tract – esophageal varices, peptic ulcer disease, gastritis, small bowel polyp

Lower G.I. tract – colonic angiodysplasia, colon cancer, IBD, hookworm infestation

4
Q

Causes of uterine blood loss?

A

Menstruation, uterine fibroids

5
Q

Malabsorption syndromes that can lead to iron deficiency anemia?

A

Gastrectomy, celiac disease, IBD

6
Q

Symptoms of chronic severe iron deficiency?

A
  1. Cravings for dirt or paint (pica), or ice (pagophagia)
  2. Glossitis, cheilosis, koilonychia (spoon nails)
  3. Dysphasia due to the esophageal web (Plummer-Vinson syndrome)
7
Q

Microcytic anemia with increased RDW versus normal RDW?

A

Fe deficiency anemia versus chronic disease, thalassemia

8
Q

Microcytic anemias?

A

TAILS

Thalassemia
Anemia of chronic disease
Iron deficiency
Lead poisoning
Sideroblastic
9
Q

Normocytic anemias?

A
#Hemolysis
#anemia of chronic disease
#renal failure
#myelodysplastic syndromes
10
Q

Macrocytic anemia?

A
#Folate/B12 deficiency
#Drug toxicity (6-MP, azathioprine, hydroxyurea)
#Drugs (zidovudine, phenytoin)
#Chronic liver disease/alcoholism
#hypothyroidism
#MDS
11
Q

Normal absolute reticulocyte count?

A

50,000 to 70,000

12
Q

Low reticulocyte count versus High reticulocyte count?

A

Hypoproliferated bone marrow disorders versus blood loss/hemolysis

13
Q

High ferritin levels with?

A

Chronic inflammatory disease (Rheumatoid arthritis), malignancy, liver injury

14
Q

Fe studies in sideroblastic anemia?

A

Increased serum iron

Increased serum ferritin

15
Q

Treatment of iron deficiency anemia?

A

Oral ferrous sulfate 325 mg three times daily for six months

16
Q

Why iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy?

A

Expanded blood volume

17
Q

FFP cannot be given to patients with?

A
#Hemophilia A or B
#von Willebrand's disease
18
Q

Causes of sideroblastic anemia?

A
#Alcohol
#Lead poisoning
#isoniazid
#Vitamin B6 deficiency
19
Q

Ferritin during inflammatory process?

A

Elevated (acute phase reactant)

20
Q

TIBC?

A

Unbound sites on transferrin

21
Q

Only type of alpha thalassemia that has an elevated reticulocyte count?

A

3-gene deletion

22
Q

Patient only drinks goat’s milk – dietary deficiency?

A

Folate deficiency

23
Q

Elevated homocysteine level versus elevated methylmalonic acid signifies?

A

B12 or folate deficiency versus B12 deficiency

24
Q

Why can be B12 be normal in patients with b12 deficiency?

A

Transcobalamin (B12 carrier protein) is an acute phase reactant

25
Q

Repletion in B12 or folate can result in?

A

Hypokalemia (hyperactive marrow packages up potassium lowering serum level)

26
Q

Peripheral smear finding in:

  1. Sideroblastic anemia
  2. G6PD
  3. Sickle cell
A
  1. Basophilic stippling
  2. Bite cells
  3. Howell-Jolly bodies

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