Obesity Treatment: Drugs, Surgical Options, and Popular Diets Flashcards Preview

MS2 - Digestive, Endocrine, and Metabolic Systems > Obesity Treatment: Drugs, Surgical Options, and Popular Diets > Flashcards

Flashcards in Obesity Treatment: Drugs, Surgical Options, and Popular Diets Deck (24)
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1
Q

Not related to this lecture: at 6”2, what should your weight maximally be to avoid weight-related complications?

A

178 lbs (a BMI of 22.9); a BMI of 23 is where weight-related complications are known to start increasing

2
Q

When counseling a patient on medications to assist in weight loss, you should be sure the patient understands that the drugs must be taken _____________.

A

chronically; typically, when patients stop taking these medications, their weight returns

3
Q

One common reason people don’t take weight-loss medications is _______________.

A

that insurance companies won’t pay for them and they’re extremely expensive

4
Q

Which weight-loss drug is chemically related to amphetamine?

A

phentermine

5
Q

Side effects of phentermine include headache, hypertension, and nervousness. This makes sense, because phentermine is _____________.

A

a sympathomimetic

6
Q

How does orlistat work?

A

It inhibits pancreatic lipase, thereby decreasing fat absorption.

7
Q

Side effects of orlistat include ______________.

A

increasing urgency of stooling and steatorrhea

8
Q

Which weight-loss drug is the safest?

A

Orlistat (it’s actually available OTC)

9
Q

Why was phen/fen removed from the market?

A

It (mostly the fen) caused valvular heart disease.

10
Q

____________ works by binding to and activating serotonin 2C receptors.

A

Lorcaserin

11
Q

The most effective weight-loss medication is ___________.

A

topiramate/phentermine (can go up to 12%); this combination also raises HDL, lowers BP, and decreases glucose levels

12
Q

Weight-loss drugs also reduce _____________.

A

A1c (Dr. Bessesen showed the trial for naltrexone/bupropion)

13
Q

The most popular kind of stomach surgery is ____________.

A

sleeve gastrectomy

14
Q

The most effective stomach surgery is _____________.

A

gastric bypass

15
Q

Why is gastric surgery effective?

A

Because they aren’t secreting ghrelin!

16
Q

Long-term studies on gastric-bypass surgery show that ______________.

A

compared to controls, those who had gastric bypass have fewer cases of diabetes, MI, and cancer

17
Q

What is the mortality of gastric bypass surgery?

A

0.7%

18
Q

One of the downsides of phentermine is that ____________.

A

there is no data on long-term safety

19
Q

Women need to have a negative pregnancy test before taking ________.

A

phentermine/topiramate

20
Q

Which weight-loss drug is the cheapest? Most effective? Safest? Has the fewest side effects?

A

Cheapest: phentermine
Safest: orlistat
Has the fewest side effects: lorcaserin
Most effective: phentermine/topiramate

21
Q

Avoid phentermine in patients with _________ problems.

A

psychiatric

22
Q

Paresthesias are a side effect of which weight-loss medication?

A

Topiramate/phentermine

23
Q

Which drug is considerate to have intermediate effectiveness and safety and is thus a second-line option?

A

Naltrexone/bupropion

24
Q

________ percent of those who had gastric bypass were able to maintain an A1c less than 6% without medications.

A

42%

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