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Uworld > Test 64: All > Flashcards

Test 64: All Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

Normal A-a gradient for lung

A

5-15 mmHg

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2
Q

What is an important cause of hypoxemia with normal alveolar to arterial oxygen gradient

A

Obesity hypoventilation syndrome

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3
Q

c-Jun is what type of protein

A

DNA-binding protein

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4
Q

Southwestern blotting is used to detect what

A

DNA-binding proteins

- transcription factors, nucleases, and histones

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5
Q

S-100 is a marker for what type of cell

A

neural crest derivation

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6
Q

Positive predictive equation

A

TP / (TP+FP)

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7
Q

What is MOA of Abacavir and Use

A
  • nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor

- HIV/AIDS

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8
Q

Abacavir hypersensitivity reaction occurs with an associated with what

A

HLA-B*57:01 allele

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9
Q

Patient has microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia? treatment

A

Thrombotic thrombocytopenia

- plasma exchange

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10
Q

What is wrong in thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura

A

decrease ADAMTS13

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11
Q

patient has cyst on back of neck, lymphedema, diminished femoral pulses , what does she have

A

Turner syndrome

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12
Q

What is Turner syndrome

A

45X

- loss of paternal chromosome X

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13
Q

Rotator cuff muscles

A
  1. supraspinatus
  2. Infraspinatus
  3. teres minor
  4. subscapularis
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14
Q

MOA for supraspinatous

A
  • shoulder abduction
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15
Q

MOA for infraspinatus

A

external rotation

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16
Q

MAO for teres minor

A

adduction and external rotation

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17
Q

MOA subscapularis

A

adduction and internal rotation

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18
Q

3 things that stimulate gastric acid secretion in stomach

A
  1. histamine
  2. acetylcholine
  3. gastrin
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19
Q

What is systemic mastocytosis

A

clonal mast cell proliferation

- release histamine

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20
Q

Clinical features of histoplasmosis

A

oral ulcers
lymphadenopathy
hepatosplenomegaly

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21
Q

Patient with HIV, with seizures and mulitple ring-enhancing lesions with mass effect has what

A

cerebral toxoplasmosis

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22
Q

Treatment for Toxoplasma Gondii

A

Sulfadiazine and Pyrimethamine

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23
Q

What is the second most common cause of ring-enhancing lesions with mass effect in HIV

A

Primary central nervous system lymphoma

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24
Q

Primary central nervous system lymphoma is composed of what

A

B-lymphocytes

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25
Location of cortisol receptor
corticosteroid-binding globulin | - intracellular receptor
26
what is the main treatment for malaria
- Chloroquine | - if resistant use Mefloquine
27
Red blood cells filled with multiple, smaller rings suggest what
Plasmodium infection
28
a drug that binds and activates the GABA-A receptor increases what ion channel? effect?
Chloride ion go into cell | - hyperpolarized ( more negative than resting potential)
29
What happens at the post-synaptic muscle cell in myasthenia gravis
reduced motor end-plate potential
30
treatment for myasthenia gravis
Pyridostigmine
31
what can be used for over muscarinic stimulation in myasthenia graves
scopolamine
32
What is cross-sectional study
"snapshot study" | - Disease prevalence
33
Nephrotic syndrome causes what type of coagulable state
hypercoagulable state
34
What are the most common atherosclerotic large vessels in order of most common
1. abdominal 2. Coronary arteries 3. popliteal 4. internal carotid arteries
35
What defines Delusional disorder
1 or more delusions for 1 or more month
36
The spleen come from where and artery supply
Mesentery of stomach ( not foregut) | - splenic artery ( foregut derivative)
37
Siatic nerve branches
1. common peroneal | 2. tibial nerve
38
Division of common peroneal nerve
1. Superficial = foot eversion | 2. deep: dorsi flexor of foot/toes
39
Fracture of common perennial nerve causes what
- loss of dorsal foot sensation and foot drop ( loss of eversion)
40
Injury to tibial nerve would cause
- weakened plantar flexion and inversion of foot | - decreased sensation at sole of foot
41
Reassortment
viruses with segmented genomes exchange genetic materal
42
Recombination
gene exchange that occurs through the crossing over of 2 double-stranded DNA molecules
43
Transformation
uptake of naked DNA by prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell
44
Phenotypic mixing
host cell is connected with 2 viral strains and progeny visions that contain unchanged parental genome from one structure and nucleocapsid ( or envelope) proteins from the other strain
45
Neural structure most likely affect in patients with Wernicke encephalopathy is
mammillary body
46
how are Wernicke Encephalopathy treated
give Thiamine before Dextrose
47
Musculocutaneous nerve innervates
- major forearm flexors and coracobrachialis | - sensory to lateral forearm
48
Adverse effects of Ganciclovir
Bone marrow suppression ( leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia)
49
Adverse effect of TMP-SMX
bone marrow suppression
50
Where is GTP synthesized in Kreb cycle
conversion of Succinyl-CoA to succinate | - synthesized by succinyl-Co synthetase
51
Where in Biochemistry land can GTP be used
- ADP to ATP | - phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase ( converts oxaloacetate to phosphoenolpyruvate during gluconeogensis)
52
Cardiovascular dysphagia can result from external compression of the esophagus by dilated and posteriorly displaced left atrium in patients with
1. rheumatic heart disease or | 2. mitral stenosis/regurgitation
53
What is the most anterior part of the heart
left atrium
54
how do you diagnose enterobius vermicularis
scotch tape test
55
first line treatment for enterobius vermicularis
albendazole | - pyrantel pamoate in pregnant patients
56
Name thionamide drugs
Methimazole and propylthiouracil
57
MOA of methimazole and propylthiouracil
- decrease formation of thyroid hormone via thyroid periods
58
role of thyroid peroxidase
- iodine oragnification and coupling of iodotyrosines
59
equation for volume of distribution
amount of drug given mg/ plasma drug concentration
60
how does charge change volume of distrubution
high charge, low Vd

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