Flashcards in Chapter 2 pt.2 Deck (20):
1
Descriptive/ Correlational Methods are used when a researcher cannot ___________ the variables under study
manipulate
2
What are different types of descriptive/correlational methods?
-naturalistic observation
-case study
-survey
3
What type of descriptive/correlational method is this:
Researcher engages in careful observation of behavior without intervening directly with the subjects.
Naturalistic Observation
4
What type of descriptive/correlational method is this:
In-depth investigation of an individual subject.
Case Study
5
What type of descriptive/correlational method is this:
Researchers use questionnaires or interviews to gather information about specific aspects of participants’ behavior.
Survey
6
In most research there is usually some combination of ________ information and __________ data
survey
observation
7
How do we measure a relationship between two variables when we didn’t manipulate anything?
- Correlation (statistical test)
- Measures the pattern of two variables, result tells you if there is a reliable pattern of change between the two variables
8
When the pattern is reliable (i.e., happens consistently), we say the 2 variables are ___________.
correlated
9
How do correlation statistics work?
-There's a correlation coefficient
-the correlation is expressed a s a number between 0 & 1
10
statistic used to summarize of degree of relationship
correlation coefficient
11
A correlation can be ________ or _______ ; or weak or strong
negative
positive
12
A correlation can be negative or positive; or ______ or _______
weak
strong
13
________ __________ _________=increased ability to predict one variable based on the other
higher correlation coefficients
14
In terms of correlation:
- Larger numbers = ________ relationship between variables
- Smaller numbers = _______ relationship between variables
stronger
weaker
15
In terms of correlation:
-________ numbers = stronger relationship between variables
-_______ numbers = weaker relationship between variables
larger
smaller
16
Two variables may be highly correlated, but not ________ _______
casually related
17
Two variables may be highly ________, but not causally related
correlated
18
What are the advantages of Descriptive/Correlational Research?
Explore questions that cannot be examined experimentally
19
What are the disadvantages of Descriptive/Correlational Research?
Investigators cannot control events to isolate cause and effect
20