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Human Structure and Function II > Chapter 20 Heart Part 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 20 Heart Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

pulmonary circuit is on what side of the heart

A

right side of the heart

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2
Q

what receives O2 poor blood from body tissues, pumps blood to the lungs to pick up O2 and drop off CO2

A

right side of the heart

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3
Q

where does the pulmonary circuit receive O2 poor blood from

A

body tissues

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4
Q

the pulmonary circuit pumps blood to lungs to pick up what and drop off what

A

O2 and drop of CO2

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5
Q

what side of the heart is the systemic circuit

A

left side of the heart

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6
Q

the left side of the heart or systemic circuit receives O2 rich blood from what?

A

lungs

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7
Q

after the systemic circuit receives O2 rich blood from the lungs it pumps blood throughout the body to provide

A

nutrients

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8
Q

after the systemic circuit receives O2 rich blood from the lungs it pumps blood throughout the body to provide nutrients, it brings O2 what back to what

A

O2 poor blood back to the heart

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9
Q

what is the receiving chamber of the heart

A

atria

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10
Q

what are auricles?

A

flaplike extensions of the heart

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11
Q

what kind of muscle surrounds the atria

A

pectinate muscles

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12
Q

what are pumping chambers of the heart

A

ventricles

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13
Q

what helps to forcefully eject blood

A

trabeculae carnea

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14
Q

what is the junction of atria and ventricles in coronary sulcus

A

atrioventricular groove

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15
Q

what separates left and right chambers

A

interatrial and interventricular septum

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16
Q

what is the heart the size of

A

closed fist

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17
Q

what Is the heart enclosed by

A

mediastinum

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18
Q

what is the mediastinum

A

medial cavity of thorax

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19
Q

what does the medistunum include

A

vessels and ductwork

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20
Q

what does the heart rest on

A

diaphragm

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21
Q

what is the heart anterior to

A

vertebrae

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22
Q

what is the heart posterior to

A

sternum

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23
Q

what is lateral to the heart

A

lungs

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24
Q

the heart is how far left from the midline

A

2/3

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25
what is blunt, rounded point of the heart, at left lower corner
apex
26
what side is the bottom of the apex on
left
27
what is the superior portion of the heart
base
28
what is the double layer, closed sac surrounding the heart
pericardium
29
two layers of the pericardium
fibrous and serous
30
what is the outer layer of the pericardium
fibrous
31
what is the inner layer of the pericardium
serous
32
what layer of the pericardium has tough ct layer
fibrous
33
what does the fibrous layer of the pericardium prevent? what does it anchor?
heart overdistension and anchors mediastinum
34
what is the slippery serious membrane fold and consists of two layers
serous
35
what are the two layers of the serous layer of the pericardium
parietal pericardium visceral pericardium
36
lining next to fibrous pericardium us
parietal percardium
37
what is the lining consistent with surface of the heart
visceral pericardium
38
what else is the visceral pericardium called
epicardium
39
what is the pericardial cavity filled with
serous pericardial fluid
40
what does the serous pericardial fluid do
reduces friction
41
what is inflammation of the heart and causes painful rub often due to viral infection, chest trauma, MI, cancer
pericarditis
42
what can pericarditis lead to
cardiac tamponade
43
how do you treat pericarditis
pericardiocentesis
44
what is pericardiocentesis
needle drain
45
middle heart layer, thick. cardiac muscle
myocardium
46
inner heat layer, simple squamous epi
endocardium
47
what is the branch right above the ascending aorta, in coronary sulcus
left and right coronary arteries
48
left coronary artery has how many divisions
3
49
what are the 3 divisons of the left coronary artery
anterior interventricular artery circumflex left marginal
50
what brings blood to interventricular spetum and anterior ventricular wall
anterior interventricular artery
51
blood to posterior heart is
circumflex
52
what brings blood to lateral wall of left ventricle
left marginal
53
how many divisions of the right coronary artery
2
54
what are the 2 divisions of the right coronary artery
posterior interventricular artery right marginal artery
55
what brings blood to heart apex and blood to posterior ventricular walls
posterior interventricular artery
56
what brings blood to lateral right ventricle
right marginal artery
57
where does blood empty into right atrium and seen on posterior heart
coronary sinus
58
what are the 3 tributaries
great middle small cardiac veins
59
where is the great cardiac vein
in anterior interventricular sulcus
60
where does the great cardiac vein drain
left side of the heart
61
where is the middle cardiac vein
in posterior interventricular sulcus
62
where is the small cardiac vein
it runs along right inferior margin
63
what directly empties into anterio rright atrium
anterior cardiac vein
64
what is the blockage of coronary artery circulation
angina pectoris
65
what does angina pectoris cause
chest pain due to temporary deficiency of blood to myocardium
66
what is the cause of angina pectoris
coronary artery spasm or increased physical demands of heart
67
what becomes weak in agina pectoris and due to what
myocardial cells become weak due to tempoary lack of 02
68
how do you treat angina pectoralis
rest and nitroglycerin
69
what does nitroglycerin do
dilates BV
69
no valves at vena cava and pulmonary veins=
atrial myocardial compression
70
what do heart valves do
ensure 1 way blood flow
71
in the atrioventricular valves, what is attached to papillary muscles
chordae tendneae
72
what does the atrioventricular valves prevent
atrial backflow
73
right av valve is how many cusps
3 (tricuspid)
74
left av valve is how many cuspss
2 (mitral or bicuspid)
75
what prevents ventricular backflow
semilunar valves
76
what empties blood into pulmonary trunk to pulmonary arteries (lung)
pulmonary sl valve
77
what empties blood into aorta (tissue)
aortic sl valve
78
first heart sound is
closing of AV
79
second heart sound is
sl valves
80
murmurs =
abnormal sounds due to valve issues
81
incompentent means
doesnt close properly
82
stenotic means
narrow
83
incompetent or stenotic means
repump blood, backflow vs narrow/stiff= weak

Human Structure and Function II (36 decks)

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