GI system

Question 1

intrinsic factor is essential for absorption of __ in the __

Answer 1

Vitamin B12, ileum (TO REMEMBER ILEIUM look at Intrinsic starts with I)
(to remember look at the word intrinsic factor = it is long! Cobalamin = B12 = the long one

Question 2

intrinsic factor is secreted by__ cells

Answer 2

parietal = PARI = Produces Acid and Releases Intrinsic Factor. parietal cells aka oxyntic = to remember = o is the letter right before p

Question 3

the pancreas is an endocrine gland because it produces what hormones from what cells

Answer 3

islets of Langherhans = alpha cells make glucagon, beta cells make insulin, and delta cells make somatostatin

Question 4

the endocrine pancreas therefore is a key regulator of ____

Answer 4

blood glucose. when glucose is high releases insulin, when glucose is low releases glucagon

Question 5

the pancreas is what shape

Answer 5

L shaped = looks like an upside down L. It has 3 regions: head is closest to the duodenum, elongated body and tail.

Question 6

the pancreas is an exocrine gland because it release what through ducts?

Answer 6

pancreatic juice: source of HCO3- = neutralizes gastric acid and also contains digestive enzymes

Question 7

Histology of the pancreas: H + E stain = hematoxylin and eosin stain:

1. the islets of langherans stain lighter or darker?
2. the acini cells stain lighter or darker.

Answer 7

1. islets stain lighter, looks like an island

2. acini stain darker.

Question 8

the ___ cells are the exocrine cells of the pancreas

Answer 8

acini cells- they make the pancreatic juice. that is their only job

Question 9

the __ cells are the endocrine cells of the pancreas

Answer 9

cells of Langherhans

Question 10

what is the pH of pancreatic juice

Answer 10

7.6-8.2

Question 11

how much pancreatic juice is released per day

Answer 11

1.5 L (1500mL)

Question 12

the pancreas sits behind or in front of the stomach

Answer 12

behind

Question 13

pancreatic juice is released into the ___duct which has the ___ sphincter

Answer 13

main bile duct

pancreatic duct sphincter

Question 14

pancreatic juice is mostly secreted into the duodenum when we

Answer 14

eat.

but always a basal amount secreted when we are not eating

Question 15

bile and intestinal juices are also neutral/alkaline and along with pancreatic juice will raise the duodenal pH to

Answer 15

6-7

Question 16

papilla of Vater is the opening to the

Answer 16

duodenum wall

Question 17

both the common bile duct and the pancreatic duct are controlled by the sphincter of

Answer 17

oddi