Hallmarks

Question 1

presence of elongated, biconvex
transparent, needle shaped clefts which
represent chole crystals dissolved
during tissue processing

Answer 1

Atheroembolic disease

Question 2

hallmark of APAS that is almost invariably

predictive of a poor outcome.

Answer 2

Livedo reticularis

Question 3

Presence of patchy inflxy
infiltrates within interstititum (m.c. deep
cortex and outer medulla

Answer 3

AIN

Question 4

infiltration of
inflammatory cells with associated edema,
which usually spares glomeruli and blood
vessels.

Answer 4

AIN

Question 5

Loss of apical brush border of Prox Tub

cells is the Hallmark finding in

Answer 5

ATN

Question 6

Unprovoked Hypokalemia

Answer 6

Hyperaldosteronism

Question 7

hallmark renal
vascular lesionin px with uncomplicated
primary HPN

Answer 7

Afferent Arteriolar narrowing

Question 8

an abnormal thirst
response in addition to variable defects in
AVP secretion

Answer 8

OSMORECEPTOR

DYSFUNCTION

Question 9

urinary sodium (UNa) in reduced EABV

Answer 9

less than 15-20 mmol/L

Question 10

inability to acidify the
urine appropriately during spontaneous or
chemically induced metabolic acidosis

Answer 10

classical hypokalemic distal

RTA

Question 11

The pathologic sine qua non of minimal

change glomerulopathy

Answer 11

effacement of
visceral epithelial cell foot processes
observed by electron microscopy

Question 12

ubiquitous clinical feature of the syndrome
is proteinuria which may be nephrotic or
nonnephrotic

Answer 12

FSGS

Question 13

ubiquitous pathologic feature is focal
segmental glomerular consolidation or
scarring, which may have several distinctive
pattern

Answer 13

fsgs

Question 14

mesangial interposition into an expanded
subendothelial zone that contains electrondense
immune complex deposit

Answer 14

Type 1 MPGN

Question 15

The hallmark ultrastructural feature of PSGN

Answer 15

subepithelial humplike dense deposits

Question 16

ubiquitous ultrastructural finding is
mesangial electron-dense deposits that
correspond to the immune deposits seen by
immunohistologic analysis

Answer 16

IgA

Question 17

Best diagnostic modality to dx papillary

necrosis in SC

Answer 17

IVP

Question 18

Gold standard for

identifying TRAS

Answer 18

DIGITAL intraarterial contrast

angiography

Question 19

golden standard- for
definition of vasc ana and stenotic
lesions in kidney

Answer 19

Intraarteral angio

Question 20

Vit D assay gold standard

Answer 20

HPLC

Question 21

diagnostic procedure of

choice for nephrolith

Answer 21

CT scan

Question 22

familial

hyperaldosteronism type I

Answer 22

Glucocorticoid-Remediable

Hyperaldosteronism

Question 23

Gordon’s Syndrome, Familial

Hyperkalemic Hypertension

Answer 23

Pseudohypoaldosteronism Type 2

Question 24

loss of function of EnAc

Answer 24

Pseudohypoaldosteronism Type 1

Question 25

medial thickening and calcification of smaller elastic arteries

Answer 25

Mönckeberg’s calcification

Question 26

white lines or keukonychia can develop during marked hypoalbuminemia

Answer 26

Muehrcke’s lines

Question 27

chronic hypoalbuminemia may cause more difuse white nail

Answer 27

Terry’s or half and half nails

Question 28

confer a peculiar susceptibility to the vascular effects of gram-negative endotoxin

Answer 28

Shwartzman phenomenon

Question 29

autosomal dominant mutation of KCNJ2 encoding Kir 2.1 (periodic paralyisis, cardiac arrhythmia, dysmorphic features

Answer 29

Andersen’s syndrome

Question 30

renal compression by a subcapsular mass or hematoma with hyperreninemia)

Answer 30

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