anatomy lab quiz 2

Question 0

Spongy bone

Answer 0

Cancellous bone

Composed of small trabeculae of bone and lots of open space

Question 1

Compact bone

Answer 1

Smooth and homogeneous

Question 2

Long bones

Answer 2

Longer than they are wide

Question 3

Short bone

Answer 3

Typically cubed shaped
More spongy bone than compact bone
Tarsals and carpals

Question 4

Flat bones

Answer 4

Thin, with two waferlike layers of compact bone sandwiching a layer of spongy bone between them
Skull bones

Question 5

Irregular bones

Answer 5

Irregular shaped

Vertebrae

Question 6

Sesamoid bones

Answer 6

Special types of short bones formed in tendons

Patellas

Question 7

Sutures bones

Answer 7

Tiny bones between cranial bones

Question 8

Bone markings

Answer 8

Reveal where bones form joints with other bones, where muscles, tendons, AND ligaments, were attached, and where blood vessels and nerves passed

Question 9

Two categories for bone markings

Answer 9

Projections: processes that grow out from the bone

Depressions or cavities: intentions or openings ion the bone

Question 10

Tuberosity

Answer 10

Large rounded projection

Question 11

Crest

Answer 11

Narrow ridge of bone, usually prominent

Question 12

Trochanter

Answer 12

Very large blunt irregularly shaped process

Femur

Question 13

Line

Answer 13

Narrow ride of bone, less prominent than crest

Question 14

Tubercle

Answer 14

Small rounds projection or process

Question 15

Epicondylitis

Answer 15

Raised area on or above a condyle

Question 16

Spine

Answer 16

Sharp, slender, often pointed projection

Question 17

Process

Answer 17

Any bony prominence

Question 18

Head

Answer 18

Bony expansion carried on a narrow neck

Question 19

Facet

Answer 19

Smooth, nearly flat articular surface

Question 20

Condyle

Answer 20

Rounded articular projection

Often articulates with a corresponding fossa

Question 21

Ramus

Answer 21

Arm like bar of bone.

Question 22

Foramen

Answer 22

Round or oval opening through a bone

Question 23

Groove

Answer 23

Furrow

Question 24

Fissure

Answer 24

Narrow slit like opening

Question 25

Notch

Answer 25

Indentation at the edge of a structure

Question 26

Fossa

Answer 26

Shallow basin like depression in a bone | Often serving as an articular surface

Question 27

Meatus

Answer 27

Canal like passage way

Question 28

Sinus

Answer 28

Bone cavity filled with air and lined with mucous membrane

Question 29

Diaphysis

Answer 29

Shaft

Question 30

Periosteum

Answer 30

Fibrous membrane covering

Question 31

Perforating collagen fiber bundles

Answer 31

Sharpey's fibers | Fibers of the periosteum

Question 32

Osteoblasts

Answer 32

Bone forming cells

Question 33

Osteoclasts

Answer 33

Bone destroying cells

Question 34

Epiphysis

Answer 34

End of the long bone

Question 35

Articular cartilage

Answer 35

Covers epiphysis | hyaline cartilage

Question 36

Epiphyseal plate

Answer 36

Thin area of hyaline cartilage that provides for longitudinal growth during youth Once long bone has stopped growing, these areas are replaced with bone and appear as thin remnants called Epiphyseal lines

Question 37

Chemical composition of bone

Answer 37

Hardness from inorganic calcium salts | Flexibility from organic elements of matrix, particularly collagen fibers

Question 38

Endochondral ossification

Answer 38

Bones of the body form in the embryo by this process | Uses hyaline cartilage bones as patterns for bone formation

Question 39

Steps of ossification

Answer 39

Blood vessels invade perichondrium, convert it to periosteum Osteoblasts secrete bone matrix around hyaline cartilage model Cartilage in center calcifies, then hollows forming internal cavity Periosteal bud invades cavity and forms spongy bone

Question 40

Hyaline cartilage

Answer 40

Most skeletal cartilages are composed of this | Sturdy support with some give

Question 41

Elastic cartilage

Answer 41

More elastic fibers More flexible, more bending External ear and epiglottis

Question 42

Fibrocartilage

Answer 42

Rows of chondrocytes alternating with rows of thick collagen fibers Withstands heavy compression Intervertebral disks and cartilage of knee joint