Equine Science Unsoundness

Question 0

Striding leg interference

Answer 0

Crossfiring
Inside hind strikes diagonal fore
Forging
Toe of hind strikes sole of fore, same side
Over-reaching
Toe of hind strikes heel of fore, same side
Scalping/Speedy cutting/ Shin hitting
Toe of front strikes front of rear leg, same side

Question 1

Common flaws in tracking

Answer 1

Normal
Straight movement, no interference
Base-wide, Toed-out
“Winging”
Foot rolls over inside edge
Base-narrow, Toed-in
“Paddling”
Foot rolls over outside edge

Question 2

Supporting leg issues

Answer 2

Brushing
Slight contact
Scuffed hair, slight scrapes
Interference
Significant contact
Open wounds, cuts
Stumbling

Question 3

Blemish

Answer 3

Unattractive
Does NOT interfere with performance

Often due to accident

Question 4

Unsoundness

Answer 4

Interferes with performance or function Usually associated with/preceded by blemish Often due to conformation

Question 5

Cracks

Answer 5

Superficial
Deeper can become
unsoundness

Question 6

Capped elbow/hock

Answer 6

Blow/pressure
Swelling over point of joint

Question 7

Old/cold splints

Answer 7

Lumps, no longer painful

Question 8

Thoroughpin/Wind Puff/Bog Spavin

Answer 8

Soft swelling around hock, fetlock
Distension of joint capsule, fluid-filled pockets

Question 9

Common causes of unsoundness

Answer 9

Immaturity, hard work 
Poor conformation 
Poor conditioning/fatigue 
Nutritional imbalance 
Poor shoeing
Illness

Question 10

Front Limb Unsoundness

Answer 10

Bowed Tendons
Rupture of tendon fibers
Overextension (deep flexor tendon)
Bucked Shins
Bone damage
Excessive strain to cannon bone
Splints
Bone, ligament damage
Concussion, hyperextension, direct trauma
Contracted Heels
Narrowing of heels
Improper shoeing, trimming
Navicular Disease
Inflammation of navicular tissue
Excessive concussion, conformation
Osselets, Sidebone
Damage to structures in pastern area
Concussion

Question 11

Lameness Categories

Answer 11

Trauma 
    Sprains, strains 
    Lacerations 
    Fractures
Degenerative 
     Navicular 
     Ringbone 
     Arthritis
Developmental/Congenital 
      OCD
      Wobblers 
Metabolic 
      Laminitis 
      Azoturia 
Infections
      Thrush