Flashcards in Diseases of the Skin and Eye Deck (69)
Loading flashcards...
1
Virus that can cause scarring of the cornea and conjunctiva
VZV
2
2 forms of chlamydia that damage the cornea and conjunctiva
Trachoma: tropical disease. Common cause of blindness.
Chlamydia types d-k- mild disease: acquired during birth from infection in genital tract.
3
6 causes of cateracts
Senile degeneration
Rubella
Down's syndrome
Irradiation
Uveitis-inflammation of uvea (middle eye)
4
2 retinal infections
Toxoplasma: cat is host. Congenital infection causes severe bilateral disease. Aquired causes focal inflmmatory disease.
Toxocara Canis: from infected dog faeces, larva may migrate to retina and die causing localised inflammation.
5
3 types of retinal vascular disease
Ischaemia
Hypertensive retinopathy- flame shaped haemorrhages and exudates
Diabetic Retinopathy-dot and blot haemorrhages and exudates
6
2 types of macular degeneration
Dry macular degeneration (90%) Age related, common >60yrs. Progressive visual impairment, no treatment.
Wet macular degeneration (10%) New vessel growth beneath retina. Treat with drugs and lazers. Drugs inhibit vessel growth, injected directly into the eye.
7
2 types of tumours of the eye
Retinoblastoma
Melanoma
8
Retinoblastoma
Rare, 10% familial. Loss of Rb gene. Tumour in the retinal, treat with enucleation.
9
Melanoma
Arise in the melanocytes of the uveal tract (iris, ciliary body or choroid)
Type 1: good prognosis
Type 2: poor. Treat with radiotherapy and surgery.
10
Another word for genital warts
Condylomas
11
Superficial bacterial infection
Impetigo
12
Deep bacterial infection
Cellulitis
NF
13
Fish tank granuloma
Caused by mycobacteium marium.
14
Leprosy
Mycobacterium leprae. Chronic granulomatous infection. can involve nerves.
15
3 stages of eczma
Acute dermatitis
Subacute dermatitis
Chronic
16
Acute dermatitis
Red skin, weeping, serous exudate with or without vesicles.
17
Subacute dermatitis
Red skin, less exudate, really itchy and crusty
18
Chronic dermatitis
Skin thick and leathery, secondary to scratching
19
Spngiosis
Intercellular oedema within epidermis that you find in eczma
20
Clinical characterisitics of dermatitis
Chronic inflammation-predominantly superficial dermis. Epidermal hyperplasia and hypekeratosis.
21
5 types of dermatitis
Atopic eczma
Contact irritant dermatitis
contact allergic dermatitis
Seborrhoeic dermatitis
Nummular dermatitis
22
Coin shaped lesions, a type of dermatitis
Nummular dermatitis
23
Removal of psoriasis scab causes small bleeding points
Auspitz sign
24
Microscopic appearace of psoriasis
Psoriasiform Hyperplasia
-regular elongated club shaped rete ridges
-thinning of epidermis over dermal papilla
-parakeratoti (contain nuclei) scale
-collections of nuclei (munro microabscesses)
25
Pathogenesis of psoriasis
Massive cell turnover and inflammation
26
Causes of psoriasis
Genetic. Associated with MS/IBD
Environmental triggers-infection, stress, trauma, drugs, smoking.
27
Assocations of psoriasis
Arthropathy
CVD
Cancer (Basal cell carcinoma)
28
Discoid LE
Lupus that only affects the skin
29
Systemic LE-
Visceral disease
30
