Flashcards in Introduction to Parasites Deck (58)
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1
Parasites
Organsims that live in or on another organism (its host) and benefits by deriving nutrients at the others expense, does not necessarily cause disease
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Mutuallsm
An association in which both species benefit from the interaction
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Parastism
An association in which the parasite derives benefit and the host gents nothing in return but always suffers some injury
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Commensalism
An association in which the parasite only benefits without causing harm to the host
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3 classes of host
Definitive host
Intermediat host
Paratenic host
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Definitive host
Harbous the adult stage of hte parasite or where the parasite undergoes sexual reproduction
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Intermediate host
harbours the larval or asexual stages of the parasite. Some parasites have 2 intermediate hosts in their lifecycle
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Paratenic host
Host where the parasite remains viable without further development
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2 types of parasites
Protozoa
Helminths
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Microparasites
Protozoa
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Macroparasites
Helminths
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6 examples of microparasites
Cryptosporidium
P.Falciparum-malaria
T.cruzi trypomastigole
Trypanosoma cruzi
Entamoeba
Giardia Lamblia
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5 groups of helminth
Cestodes
Trematodes
Intestinal nematode
Tissue nematode
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Example of a cestode
Taenia sp
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Example of a trematode
Schistosomiasis
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Example of an intestinal nematode
Ascaris lumbricoides
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Example of a tissue nematode
Wucheria bancrofti
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Direct life cycle
Only 1 definitive host
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Simple indirect life cycle
2 hosts- intermediate and direct
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Complex indirect life cycle
More than 1 intermediate host
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Name the type of life cycle:
bird>poo>sourbug>bird
Simple indirect cycle
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Name the type of life cycle:
bird>poo>amphipod>amphibian>fish>bird
Complex indirect
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Name the type of life cycle:
Bird>poo>bird
Direct
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Describe the parasite ascariasis
Macroparasite. Intestinal nematode. Ascaris lumbricoidis.
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Who is most commonly affected by ascariasis?
3-8yrs. Areas of poor hygeine
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Describe the life cycle of ascariasis
Direct life cycle:
eggs in human intestine, shed into environment in faeces. Eating contaminated food/water. eggs pass into intestine. Migrate to portal circulation to alveoli to lungs
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2 clinical phases of ascariasis
Lung migration
Intestinal Phase
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Describe the lung migration phase of Ascariasis
Loeffler's syndrome- dry cough, dyspnoea, wheeze, haemoptysis, eosinophilic pneumonitis
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Describe the intestinal phase of ascariasis
Malnutrition, migration into hepatobiliary tree and pancreas, intestinal obstruction, worm burden
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