Flashcards in Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Deck (26):
1
When does rhinosinusitis commonly occur?
Post viral inflammation
2
Complications of which URTI include osteomyelitis, meningitis, cerebral abscess
Rhinosinusitis
3
Pharyngitis is usually viral and a feature of the common cold, but can be caused by what group of bacteria? And how may this present?
Streptococcal: scarlet's fever (widespread rash), henoch schonlein purpura, glomerulonephritis or rheumatic fever
4
Complication of glandular fever? Avoid which antibiotic in treatment of EBV?
Splenic rupture. Avoid ampicillin-gives rash
5
Important question to ask patients with suspected diptheria
Travel history?
6
Antibiotics or steroids can sometimes cause what oral infection?
Candida
7
Cherry red airway obstruction. 'hot potato' speech, Young children. Do not swab.
Epiglottitis
8
What is the usual cause of epiglottitis?
Haemophilu influenzae type B prior to vaccine
9
Another term for croup
Acute laryngotracheobronchitis
10
Does croup affect upper or lower airways? Viral or bacterial?
Upper airways. Viral
11
2 stages of whooping cough
Catarrhal phase- build up of phlegm
Whooping- paroxysms(short burts on exhalation, whoops on inhalation)
12
Complications of what upper airway infection may cause otitis media, pneumonia, convulsions, subconjunctival haemorrhages etc.
Whooping cough
13
Discharge of the ear
Otorrhoea
14
3 types of otitis externa
Acute, chronic, malignant
15
Usual causes of acute otitis externa
S.Aureus if pustular
Pseudomonas if after swimming
16
Treatment for acute otitis externa
Saline and/or alcohol and acetic acid. Topical drops (may contain antibiotics, antifungals and steroids)
17
Cause of chronic otitis externa
Irritation from drainage from perforated tympanic membrane.
18
What antibiotics should you avoid using in chronic otitis externa
Aminoglycosides e.g. gentamicin- can cause deafness
19
Cause of malignant otitis external
Pseudomonal aeroginosa
20
Otitis media is common in which age group?
Children
21
3 usual suspects for URTI
H. influenzae, S. pneumoniae, M.catarrhalis
22
Inflammation fo mastoid air cells after middle ear infection
Mastoiditis
23
How do you diagnose mastoiditis?
Imaging (CT)
24
1st line treatment for mastoiditis
Co-amoxiclav
25
Infection of head and neck
vincent's angina
26