Ischemic Stroke Flashcards
What are the two main determining factors for ischemic stroke severity?
Depth (degree of vessel occlusion) and duration
What are four broad categories of things that can cause ischemic stroke?
- Thrombosis of an artery leading to the brain
- Emboli from the heart leading to cerebral vessel occlusion
- Cerebral artery dissection
- Vasospasm
Aphasia is typical of strokes that occlude which hemisphere?
Dominant hemisphere
Hemiparesis, hemianopsia, and hemisensory deficit are characteristic of ___________ occlusion.
middle cerebral artery
Moya Moya is characterized by _____________.
lack of the usual cerebral arteries
What is the time-to-deficit-resolution that divides TIA from stroke?
Now it is 24 hours, but guidelines are changing to 1-2 hours
Lack of sight is called _____________.
anopsia
Why is the small vessel / medium vessel distinction clinically relevant?
Small vessels cannot be catheterized (they are too small)
Other than time of improvement, one of the other defining differences between TIAs and strokes is _____________.
rate of improvement (TIAs are rapid; strokes take a long time)
Insulin resistance has been shown to increase risk of ___________; in clinical trials, treating insulin resistance has decreased adverse outcomes.
strokes and TIAs
What did the WARCEF trial show?
That aspirin and warfarin are nearly equivalent in preventing death from stroke, but that warfarin has a better ability at preventing strokes.
In what time window must TPA be given?
within 6 hours after symptoms start
How many strokes and deaths from stroke occur annually?
Strokes: 1,000,000
Deaths: 150,000
Clinically, what symptoms suggest small-vessel stroke vs. medium/large-vessel stroke?
SVS: isolated deficit (such as inability to raise arm)
MLVS: multiple deficits (such as anopsia, hemiparesis, and aphasia)
Moya Moya is caused by ___________ hyperplasia.
intimal
