Word List 20

Question 1

incontrovertible

Answer 1

not open to question; indisputable

e.g. incontrovertible facts that left the jury with no choice but to convict

Question 2

incorrigible

Answer 2

incapable of being corrected or amended

e.g. an incorrigible habit of playing practical jokes

Question 3

incorruptible

Answer 3

not subject to decay or dissolution

incapable of being bribed or morally corrupted

Question 4

venal

Answer 4

capable of being bought or obtained for money or other valuable consideration; purchasable; especially, open to corrupt influence and especially bribery; mercenary
originating in, characterized by, or associated with corrupt bribery

e.g. That judge is known for being venal and easily bought.
a venal arrangement with the police

Question 5

incredulous

Answer 5

unwilling to admit or accept what is offered as true; not credulous; skeptical
too extraordinary and improbable to be believed; incredible
expressing incredulity

e.g. She listened to his explanation with an incredulous smile.

Question 6

incriminate

Answer 6

to charge with or show evidence or proof of involvement in a crime or fault

e.g. In exchange for a reduced sentence, the thief agreed to incriminate his accomplice.

Question 7

incubation

Answer 7

the period between the infection of an individual by a pathogen and the manifestation of the illness or disease it causes; incubation period

Question 8

incubus

Answer 8

an evil spirit that lies on persons in their sleep
a frightening dream that usually awakens the sleeper; nightmare
one that oppresses or burdens like a nightmare

Question 9

inculcate

Answer 9

to teach and impress by frequent repetitions or admonitions

e.g. The teacher inculcated in her students the importance of good study habits.

Question 10

incumbent

Answer 10

the holder of an office or ecclesiastical benefice
one that occupies a particular position or place
imposed as duty; obligatory
having the status of an incumbent
lying or resting on something else

e.g. Voters will have the chance to see the incumbent and her opponent in a series of three debates.
It is incumbent upon you to attend every staff meeting.
the team’s incumbent third baseman

Question 11

recumbent

Answer 11

suggestive of repose; leaning, resting
representing a person lying down

e.g. The Egyptian sphinx has the body of a recumbent lion.

Question 12

incur

Answer 12

to become liable or subject to; bring down upon oneself

e.g. incur expenses
What did he do to incur such wrath?

Question 13

indebted

Answer 13

owing gratitude or recognition to another; beholden
owing money

e.g. thereafter forever felt indebted to the producer for giving her her lucky break

Question 14

indefatigable

Answer 14

incapable of being fatigued; untiring

e.g. a person of indefatigable patience
an indefatigable laborer who can work from sunrise to sunset

Question 15

indelible

Answer 15

that cannot be removed, washed away, or erased
making marks that cannot easily be removed
lasting; unforgettable, memorable

e.g. Winning the state basketball championship was our team’s most indelible experience.
an indelible pencil

Question 16

indemnify

Answer 16

to secure against hurt, loss, or damage
to make compensation to for incurred hurt, loss, or damage

e.g. The company generously indemnifies workers who are injured on the job.

Question 17

indemnity

Answer 17

security against hurt, loss, or damage; exemption from incurred penalties or liabilities

e.g. an agreement providing indemnity against prosecution
pay $2 million in indemnities

Question 18

indent

Answer 18

to notch the edge of; make jagged
to bind (as an apprentice) by or as if by indentures
to force inward so as to form a depression

Question 19

indenture

Answer 19

a contract binding one person to work for another for a given period of time
indentation

Question 20

indict

Answer 20

to charge with a fault or offense; criticize, accuse
to charge with a crime by the finding or presentment of a jury in due form of law

e.g. A grand jury could indict the mayor for fraud and embezzlement.

Question 21

indigence

Answer 21

a level of poverty in which real hardship and deprivation are suffered and comforts of life are wholly lacking

e.g. There are various state and federal programs to help relieve indigence.

Question 22

indigenous

Answer 22

produced, growing, living, or occurring naturally in a particular region or environment
innate, inborn

e.g. indigenous plants/culture

Question 23

indigent

Answer 23

suffering from extreme poverty; impoverished

e.g. The clinic provides free care for indigent patients.

Question 24

indignant

Answer 24

feeling or showing anger because of something unjust or unworthy; filled with or marked with indignation

e.g. became indignant at the accusations

Question 25

indignity

Answer 25

an act that offends against a person'e dignity or self-respect; insult humiliating treatment e.g. He remembers all the indignities he had suffer in the early years of his career.

Question 26

indispensable

Answer 26

not subject to being set aside or neglected e.g. Full aware that he was an indispensable assistant, he decided that it was high time that he be paid what he was worth.

Question 27

indoctrinate

Answer 27

to instruct especially in fundamentals or rudiment; teach to imbue with a usually partisan or sectarian opinion, point of view, or principle e.g. The goal should be to teach politics, rather than to indoctrinate students in a narrow set of political beliefs.

Question 28

indolent

Answer 28

causing little or no pain; slow to develop or heal averse to activity, effort, or movement; habitually lazy conducive to or encouraging laziness showing an inclination to laziness e.g. indolent tumors/ulcers an indolent boy who had to be forced to help out with the chores indolent heat an indolent sigh

Question 29

indubitable

Answer 29

too evident to be doubted; unquestionable e.g. the indubitable fact that there are no more woolly mammoths or saber-toothed tigers around

Question 30

induct

Answer 30

to put in formal possession; install to admit as a member; introduce, initiate lead, conduct e.g. inducted as president of the college inducted into a scholastic society

Question 31

indurate

Answer 31

physically or morally hardened to make unfeeling, stubborn, or obdurate to make hard or hardy; inure to establish firmly; confirm e.g. an indurate heart that admits no love or mercy clay that had been indurated by long exposure to the summer sun Such a brutal upbringing could only callous his soul and indurate his heart to the suffering of others.

Question 32

industrious

Answer 32

constantly, regularly, or habitually active or occupied; diligent

Question 33

ineffable

Answer 33

incapable of being expressed in words; indescribable not to be uttered; taboo e.g. an ineffable beauty descends upon the canyon as the sun begins to set the ineffable name of Jehovah

Question 34

ineffectual

Answer 34

not producing the proper or intended effect; futile not capable of performing efficiently or as expected; ineffective e.g. An ineffectual effort to find the trail again did at least lead them to another stunning view of the canyon.

Question 35

ineluctable

Answer 35

not to be avoided, changed, or resisted; inevitable e.g. The ineluctable approach of winter had many worried about the cost of heating their homes.

Question 36

inept

Answer 36

lacking in fitness or aptitude; unfit lacking sense or reason; foolish not suitable to the time, place, or occasion; inappropriate often to an absurd degree e.g. inept at sports an inept metaphor He made an inept attempt to apologize.

Question 37

inequity

Answer 37

injustice, unfairness; also, an instance of such e.g. the inequities in wages paid to men and women The inequity of the punishment led many people to believe that the defendant was being punished for his political beliefs.

Question 38

inexorable

Answer 38

not to be persuaded, moved, or stopped; relentless e.g. the inexorable rise of a political movement

Question 39

inexplicable

Answer 39

incapable of being explained, interpreted, or accounted for e.g. an inexplicable desire for ice cream at two in the morning

Question 40

infantry

Answer 40

soldiers trained, armed, and equipped to fight on foot a branch of an army composed of these soldiers an infantry regiment or division

Question 41

infatuate

Answer 41

to cause to be foolish; deprive of sound judgment | to inspire with a foolish or extravagant love or admiration

Question 42

odium

Answer 42

the state or fact or being subjected to hatred and contempt as a result of a despicable act or blameworthy circumstance hatred and condemnation accompanied by loathing or contempt; detestation disrepute or infamy attached to something; opprobrium e.g. Time did nothing to diminish the odium in which the traitor lived out his days.

Question 43

infelicitous

Answer 43

not appropriate or well-timed awkward, unfortunate e.g. an infelicitous comment on the weight of the guest of honor at the banquet

Question 44

infest

Answer 44

to spread or swarm in or over in a troublesome manner to live in or on as a parasite e.g. a slum infested with crime shark-infested water In desperation, we called in an exterminator because the house was infested with ants.

Question 45

festinate

Answer 45

hasty e.g. a most festinate preparation

Question 46

infirm

Answer 46

of poor or deteriorated vitality; especially, feeble from age weak of mind, will, or character; irresolute, vacillating not solid or stable; insecure e.g. The clinic provides free care for elderly and infirm people who lack health insurance.

Question 47

inflame

Answer 47

to excite to excessive or uncontrollable action or feeling; especially, to make angry to make more heated or violent; intensify to set on fire; kindle to cause to redden or grow hot from anger or excitement e.g. His angry speech inflamed the mob. ideas that inflame imagination a face inflamed with passion

Question 48

conflate

Answer 48

to bring together; fuse confuse to combine (as two readings or a text) into a composite whole e.g. Be careful not to conflate gossip with real news. The movie conflates documentary footage and dramatized reenactments so seamlessly and ingeniously that viewers may not know what is real and what is not.

Question 49

informed

Answer 49

having information based on possession of information educated, knowledgeable e.g. Informed sources told us of the new policy. an informed opinion/choice what the informed person should know

Question 50

infraction

Answer 50

the act of infringing; violation e.g. Speeding is only a minor infraction, but vehicular homicide is a serious felony.

Question 51

refractory

Answer 51

resisting control or authority; stubborn, unmanageable resistant to treatment or care; unresponsive to stimulus immune, insusceptible difficult to fuse, corrode, or draw out; especially, capable of enduring high temperature e.g. Believing that rules are only for other people, he's been refractory virtually his entire life. refractory to infection

Question 52

infringe

Answer 52

to encroach upon in a way that violets law or the rights of another e.g. infringe a patent

Question 53

infuse

Answer 53

to cause to be permeated with something inspire, animate e.g. infuse the team with confidence the sense of purpose that infuses scientific research

Question 54

ingenious

Answer 54

having or showing an unusual aptitude for discovering, inventing, or contriving marked by originality, resourcefulness, and cleverness in conception or execution e.g. an ingenious plot/detective/contraption

Question 55

ingenue

Answer 55

a naive girl or young woman | the stage role of an ingenue; also, an actress playing such a role

Question 56

ingenuity

Answer 56

- ingenious e.g. She showed amazing ingenuity in finding ways to cut costs. It will take considerable ingenuity to fix these problems.

Question 57

ingenuous

Answer 57

showing innocent or childlike simplicity and candidness lacking craft or subtlety e.g. her ingenuous thirst for experience

Question 58

ingrained

Answer 58

worked into the grain or fiber forming a part of the essence or inmost being; deep-seated e.g. ingrained distrust of all authority

Question 59

ingratiate

Answer 59

to gain favor or favorable acceptance for by deliberate effort (usually used with with) e.g. ingratiate themselves with the community leaders

Question 60

ingratiating

Answer 60

capable of winning favor; pleasing intended or adopted in order to gain favor; flattering e.g. an ingratiating smile

Question 61

inimical

Answer 61

being adverse often by reason of hostility or malevolence having the disposition of an enemy; hostile reflecting or indicating hostility; unfriendly e.g. forces inimical to democracy inimical factions his father's inimical glare

Question 62

inimitable

Answer 62

not capable of being imitated; matchless e.g. an inimitable performer of violin solos inimitable style

Question 63

iniquitous

Answer 63

very unfair or evil e.g. zero tolerance at the academy for cheating and other iniquitous practices

Question 64

iniquity

Answer 64

gross injustice; wickedness a wicked act or thing; sin e.g. The use of illegal narcotics is not only a destroyer or personal health but also an iniquity that undermines our society. a nation still struggling with the aftereffects of the iniquity of slavery

Question 65

rectitude

Answer 65

the quality or state of being straight moral integrity; righteousness the quality or state of being correct in judgment or procedure e.g. encouraged the graduates to go on to live lives of unimpeachable rectitude and integrity a finely honed sense of rectitude that keeps him from cheating on exams

Question 66

injunction

Answer 66

the act or an instance of enjoining; order, admonition a writ granted by a court of equity whereby one is required to do or to refrain from doing a specified act e.g. In the cult there were injunctions for and against everything, as nothing was a matter of personal choice.

Question 67

enjoin

Answer 67

to direct or impose by authoritative order or with urgent admonition forbid, prohibit e.g. enjoined us to be careful He was enjoined by his conscience from telling a lie.

Question 68

injurious

Answer 68

inflicting or tending to inflict injury; detrimental abusive, defamatory e.g. an injurious effect

Question 69

inkling

Answer 69

a slight indication or suggestion; hint, clue a slight knowledge or vague notion e.g. He did not give the slightest inkling that he was planning to quit. She had not the faintest inkling of what it was all about.

Question 70

natality

Answer 70

the ratio between births and individuals in a specified population and time; birthrate

Question 71

innocuous

Answer 71

producing no injury; harmless not likely to give offense or to arouse strong feelings or hostility; inoffensive, insipid e.g. a few innocuous jokes those innocuous lies we must tell every day if society is to remain civil

Question 72

innuendo

Answer 72

an oblique allusion; hint, insinuation; especially, a veiled or equivocal reflection on character or reputation the use of such allusions e.g. His reputation has been damaged by innuendos about his drinking and gambling. The movie relies on sexual innuendo for its humor.

Question 73

endogenous

Answer 73

caused by factors inside the organism or system produced or synthesized within the organism or system e.g. suffered from endogenous depression endogenous business cycles an endogenous hormone

Question 74

inoculate

Answer 74

to introduce a microorganism into to introduce immunologically active material into to introduce something into the mind of e.g. inoculated the with the idea that the individual can always make a difference in this world

Question 75

inordinate

Answer 75

exceeding reasonable limits; immoderate e.g. an inordinate amount of time

Question 76

inquisitive

Answer 76

given to examination or investigation inclined to ask questions; especially, inordinately or improperly curious about the affairs of others e.g. an inquisitive woman who tends to everybody's business but her own

Question 77

inquisition

Answer 77

the act of inquiring; examination an investigation conducted with little regard to individual rights e.g. His political enemies were conducting an inquisition into the details of his personal life.

Question 78

inroad

Answer 78

a sudden hostile incursion; raid an advance or penetration often at the expense of someone or something (oft. pl.) e.g. The army is finally making inroads into enemy territory.

Question 79

inscribe

Answer 79

to write, engrave, or print as a lasting record to enter on a list; enroll to dedicate to someone to draw within a figure so as to touch in as many places as possible e.g. inscribe the monument with the soldier's names a regular polygon inscribed in a circle

Question 80

inscrutable

Answer 80

not readily investigated, interpreted, or understood; mysterious e.g. an inscrutable smile inscrutable motives

Question 81

insensate

Answer 81

lacking sense or understanding; also, foolish lacking animate awareness or sensation lacking humane feeling; brutal e.g. the belief that God is immanent in all things, even insensate objects an insensate boss who refuses to allow time off for funerals

Question 82

insentient

Answer 82

lacking perception, consciousness, or animation e.g. the belief that the universe as we know it evolved from the random interactions of insentient particles an insentient therapist who failed to see what the teenager's real problem was

Question 83

insidious

Answer 83

awaiting a chance to entrap; treacherous harmful but enticing; seductive having a gradual and cumulative effect; subtle e.g. the insidious pressures of modern life

Question 84

insignia

Answer 84

a badge of authority or honor a distinguishing mark or sign e.g. jackets with school's insignia on the front

Question 85

insinuate

Answer 85

``` to introduce (as an idea) gradually or in a subtle, indirect, or covert way to impart or suggest in an artful or indirect way; imply ``` e.g. Years were needed for an agent to insinuate himself into the terrorist organization Are you insinuating that I won by cheating?

Question 86

insipid

Answer 86

lacking taste or savor; tasteless lacking in qualities that interest, stimulate, or challenge; dull, flat e.g. insipid soup insipid prose

Question 87

insolent

Answer 87

insultingly contemptuous in speech or conduct; overbearing exhibiting boldness or effrontery; impudent e.g. an appalling insolent reply to a reasonable request

Question 88

insoluble

Answer 88

having or admitting of no solution or explanation e.g. the seemingly insoluble mystery concerning the identity of the people who built these ancient structures

Question 89

insolvency

Answer 89

the fact or state of being insolvent; inability to pay debts e.g. Unless the economy improves, many resorts in the area face insolvency.

Question 90

somniferous

Answer 90

causing or tending to cause sleep; soporific e.g. a somniferous enumeration of details that I could have done without

Question 91

somnolent

Answer 91

of a kind likely to induce sleep inclined to or heavy with sleep; drowsy sleepy e.g. somnolent students on a very hot day the somnolent hum of insects in the grass

Question 92

forestall

Answer 92

to exclude, hinder, or prevent by prior occupation or measures to get ahead of; anticipate e.g. His comments were meant to forestall criticism of his proposal.

Question 93

instate

Answer 93

to set or establish in a rank or office; install e.g. The new secretary of the treasury was instated on Monday.

Question 94

instigate

Answer 94

to goad or urge forward; provoke e.g. The government has instigated an investigation into the cause of the accident.

Question 95

instill

Answer 95

to cause to enter drop by drop to impart gradually e.g. instill medication into the infected eye a charismatic who instilled in his followers a passionate commitment to the cause

Question 96

institute

Answer 96

to establish in a position or office to organize and get established; organize to set going; inaugurate e.g. They have instituted new policies to increase public safety.

Question 97

restitution

Answer 97

a restoration of something to its rightful owner a making good of or giving an equivalent for some injury a legal action serving to cause restoration of a previous state e.g. the restitution of her stolen property make restitution to the victim

Question 98

abrogate

Answer 98

to abolish by authoritative action; annul to treat as nonexistent e.g. The company's directors are accused of abrogating their responsibilities. The Congress can abrogate old treaties that are unfair.

Question 99

institutionalize

Answer 99

to make into an institution; give character of an institution to; especially, to incorporate into an structured and often highly formalized system to put in the care of an institution e.g. institutionalized housing It will take time to institutionalize these reforms. institutionalized alcoholics

Question 100

instrumental

Answer 100

serving as a crucial means, agent, or tool e.g. ... was instrumental in organizing the strike.