6/14/13 a (RTA, MI localization) Flashcards Preview

STEP II > 6/14/13 a (RTA, MI localization) > Flashcards

Flashcards in 6/14/13 a (RTA, MI localization) Deck (24)
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1
Q

What is the pathophysiological defect in RTA type 2?

A

inability to reabsorb bicarb in proximal tubule

2
Q

Is the urine acidic or basic in RTA type 2 (after a little while)? Why?

A

acidic; body runs out of bicarb

3
Q

What is the diagnostic test for RTA type 2?

A

give bicarb

4
Q

What is the result of giving bicarb to a person who has RTA type 2?

A

urine becomes basic and blood remains acidotic

5
Q

What are the clinical features of RTA type 2?

A

osteomalacia/rickets

6
Q

How does RTA type 2 cause osteomalacia?

A

acidotic urine frees Ca+ from bones

7
Q

What is the Tx for RTA type 2?

A

bicarb and thiazide

8
Q

What is the pathophysiological defect in RTA type 4?

A

aldo deficiency

9
Q

What lab abnormality distinguishes RTA type 4 from 1 and 2?

A

hi K+

10
Q

What is the Tx for RTA type 4?

A

fludrocortisone

11
Q

Why is the anion gap normal in all forms of RTA?

A

hi serum Cl-

12
Q

A normal anion gap metabolic acidosis must either be RTA or _______.

A

diarrhea

13
Q

What should be done for a recurrent chalazion?

A

istologic exam to rule out malignancy

14
Q

What 2 kinds of cancer can masquerade as a recurrent chalazion (obstruction of the meibomian gland)?

A

meibomian gland carcinoma and BCC

15
Q

What kind of pancreatic endocrine tumor causes watery diarrhea and hypokalemia?

A

VIPoma

16
Q

What medication can help control the diarrhea of a VIPoma?

A

octreotide

17
Q

What pancreatic endocrine tumor presents w/ necrotizing dermatitis, wt. los, anemai, and persistent hyperglycemia?

A

glucagonoma

18
Q

Pts w/ carcinoid syndrome are most at risk of developing what vitamin deficiency?

A

niacin

19
Q

Why does carcinoid syndrome cause niacin deficiency?

A

tryptophan is diverted to serotonin synthesis

20
Q

ST depression in leads V1 and V2 suggest an MI in what region?

A

posterior wall

21
Q

Which coronary vessel is usu occluded in inf. wall MI?

A

RCA

22
Q

What vessel aside from the RCA could cause an nferior wall MI?

A

LCX

23
Q

ST elevation in leads V1-V4 indicates an MI in which region?

A

septal

24
Q

What vessel is occluded in an anterior septal myocardial infarction?

A

LAD