Most Commons 1

Question 1

Actinic keratosis

Answer 1

Often precedes squamous cell carcinoma

Question 2

Addison’s disease

Answer 2

Primary adrenocortical deficiency

Question 3

Albright’s syndrome

Answer 3

Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty, cafe-au-lait spots, short stature, young girls

Question 4

Albuminocytologic dissociation

Answer 4

Guillain-Barre (Inc protein in CSF with only modest inc in cell count)

Question 5

Alport’s syndrome

Answer 5

Hereditary nephritis with nerve deafness

Question 6

Anti-basement membrane antibodies

Answer 6

Goodpasture’s syndrome

Question 7

Anticentromere antibodies

Answer 7

Scleroderma (CREST)

Question 8

Anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies (ANA antibodies)

Answer 8

SLE (type III hypersensitivity)

Question 9

Anti-epithelial cell antibodies

Answer 9

Pemphigus vulgaris

Question 10

Antigliadin antibodies

Answer 10

Celiac disease

Question 11

Antihistone antibodies

Answer 11

Drug-induced SLE

Question 12

Anti-IgG antibodies

Answer 12

Rheumatoid arthritis

Question 13

Antimitochondrial antibodies

Answer 13

Primary biliary cirrhosis

Question 14

Antineutrophil antibodies

Answer 14

Vasculitis

Question 15

Antiplatelet antibodies

Answer 15

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

Question 16

Arachnodactyly

Answer 16

Marfan’s syndrome

Question 17

Argyll Robertson pupil

Answer 17

Neurosyphilis

Question 18

Arnold-Chiari malformation

Answer 18

Cerebellar tonsillar herniation

Question 19

Aschoff bodies

Answer 19

Rheumatic fever

Question 20

Atrophy of the mammillary bodies

Answer 20

Wernicke’s encephalopathy

Question 21

Auer rods

Answer 21

Acute myelogenous leukemia (especially the promyelocytic type)

Question 22

Autosplenectomy

Answer 22

Sickle cell anemia

Question 23

Babinski’s sign

Answer 23

UMN lesion

Question 24

Baker’s cyst in popliteal fossa

Answer 24

Rheumatoid arthritis

Question 25

Bamboo spine on x-ray

Answer 25

Ankylosing spondylitis

Question 26

Bartter's syndrome

Answer 26

Hyperreninemia

Question 27

Basophilic stippling of RBCs

Answer 27

Lead poisoning

Question 28

Becker's muscular dystrophy

Answer 28

Defective dystrophin; less severe than Duchenne's

Question 29

Bell's palsy

Answer 29

LMN CN VII palsy

Question 30

Bence Jones proteins

Answer 30

Multiple myeloma (kappa or lambda Ig light chains in urine), Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (IgM)

Question 31

Berger's disease

Answer 31

IgA nephropathy

Question 32

Bernard-Soulier disease

Answer 32

Defect in platelet adhesion

Question 33

Bilateral hilar adenopathy, uveitis

Answer 33

Sarcoidosis

Question 34

Birbeck granules on EM

Answer 34

Histiocytosis X (eosinophilic granuloma)

Question 35

Bloody tap on LP

Answer 35

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

Question 36

Blue bloater

Answer 36

Chronic bronchitis

Question 37

Blue-domed cysts

Answer 37

Fibrocystic change of the breast

Question 38

Blue sclera

Answer 38

Osteogenesis imperfecta

Question 39

Boot-shaped heart on x-ray

Answer 39

Tetralogy of Fallot; RVH

Question 40

Bouchard's nodes

Answer 40

Osteoarthritis (PIP swelling secondary to osteophytes)

Question 41

Boutonniere deformity

Answer 41

Rheumatoid arthritis

Question 42

Branching rods in oral infection

Answer 42

Actinomyces israelii

Question 43

Brown tumor of bone

Answer 43

Hemorrhage causes brown color of osteolytic cysts: 1. Hyperparathyroidism 2. Osteitis fibrosa cystica (von Recklinghausen's disease)

Question 44

Brushfield's spots (spotted iris)

Answer 44

Down syndrome

Question 45

Bruton's disease

Answer 45

X-linked agammaglobulinemia

Question 46

Budd-Chiari syndrome

Answer 46

Posthepatic venous thrombosis

Question 47

Buerger's disease

Answer 47

Small/medium-artery vasculitis

Question 48

Burkitt's lymphoma

Answer 48

8:14 translocation; associated with EBV

Question 49

Burton's lines (grey gingival lines)

Answer 49

Lead poisoning

Question 50

C-ANCA, P-ANCA

Answer 50

Wegener's granulomatosis, polyarteritis nodosa