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Neuro 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Cranial nerve(s) arising from the spinal cord?

A

CN XI [accessory nucleus is found at C1 - C4 spinal cord levels]

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2
Q

Cranial nerve(s) arising from the medulla oblongata?

A

CN IX, X, XII

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3
Q

Cranial nerve(s) arising from the pontomedullary junction?

A

CN VI, VII, VIII

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4
Q

Cranial nerve(s) arising from the pontocerebellar angle?

A

CN VII and VIII

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5
Q

Cranial nerve(s) arising from the pons?

A

CN V, VII

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6
Q

Cranial nerve(s) arising from the midbrain?

A

CN III, IV

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7
Q

Cranial nerve(s) arising from the diencephalon?

A

CN II

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8
Q

Cranial nerve(s) arising from the telencephalon?

A

CN I

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9
Q

Signs of Foster Kennedy syndrome?

A

(olfactory groove meningioma), IL anosmia, IL optic atrophy, CL papilledema

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10
Q

Cranial nerve sensory ganglia?

A

TGIS9+10: Trigeminal (CN V), Geniculate (CN VII), Inferior and Superior ganglia (of CN IX, X)

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11
Q

Cranial nerve motor (i.e. parasympathetic) ganglia?

A

COPS: Ciliary (CN III), Otic (CN IX), Pterygopalatine (CN VII), Submandibular (CN VII) and Intramural (CN X)

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12
Q

Nerves traversing the jugular foramen?

A

CN IX, X, XI

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13
Q

Nerves traversing the supraorbital fissure?

A

CN III, IV, V1 [ophthalmic] and VI

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14
Q

Nerves traversing the cavernous sinus?

A

CN III, IV, VI, V1 [ophthalmic] and V2 [maxillary] + internal carotid plexus [sympathetic]

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15
Q

Nerve traversing the foramen rotundum?

A

CN V2 [maxillary]

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16
Q

Nerve traversing the foramen ovale?

A

CN V3 [mandibular]

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17
Q

Nerves traversing the foramen magnum?

A

CN XI + sympathetic plexus on vertebral artery

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18
Q

Nerves traversing the internal auditory meatus?

A

CN VII, VIII

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19
Q

Nerve traversing the stylomastoid foramen?

A

CN VII

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20
Q

Brainstem Nuclei for CN III?

A

oculomotor, Edinger-Westphal

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21
Q

Brainstem Nucleus for CN IV?

A

trochlear

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22
Q

What CN decussates before exiting the brainstem?

A

CN IV

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23
Q

Brainstem Nuclei for CN V?

A

chief sensory nucleus, mesencephalic, spinal trigeminal, trigeminal motor nucleus

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24
Q

Brainstem Nucleus for CN VI?

A

abducens

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25
Brainstem Nuclei for CN VII?
facial, superior salivatory, spinal trigeminal, solitary
26
Brainstem Nuclei for CN IX?
nucleus ambiguous, inferior salivatory, spinal trigeminal, solitary
27
Brainstem Nuclei for CN X?
nucleus ambiguous, dorsal vagal, spinal trigeminal, solitary
28
Nucleus for CN XI?
accessory nucleus (cervical spinal cord)
29
Brainstem Nucleus for CN XII?
hypoglossal
30
Muscles innervated by CN III?
levator palpebrae, superior rectus, medial rectus, inferior oblique, inferior rectus, ciliary muscle, constrictor pupillae
31
Three components of the near triad?
3 by III; convergance of eyes, pupillary constriction, contraction of ciliary muscle
32
Muscle innervated by CN IV?
superior oblique
33
Action of muscle innervated by CN IV?
intorsion, abduction and depression [turns pupil down and out]
34
Action to test muscle innervated by CN IV?
adduct and depress [in and then down]
35
Muscle innervated by CN VI?
lateral rectus
36
Signs of compressive injury to CN III?
dilated pupil with normal eye movements
37
Signs of diabetic infarct in CN III?
oculomotor palsy with normal pupil
38
Sign of injury to CN IV?
diplopia worse when walking down stairs; improves with head tilt to opposite side
39
Sign of injury to CN VI?
diplopia improves with head turn towards paralyzed muscle
40
Location of horizontal gaze center?
pons
41
Location of vertical gaze center?
midbrain
42
Signs of Argyll-Robertson pupil?
pupil accomadates but doesn't react [to light]; tertiary syphillis, aka. "prostitutes pupil"
43
Signs of internuclear opthalmoplegia?
Injury to MLF [demyelination in MS] - on leftward gaze: right eye does not adduct (convergance intact)
44
Structures injured in "one-and-a-half" syndrome?
abducens nucleus and both MLF
45
Signs of injury to the right abducens nerve?
IL CN VI palsy: cannot abduct eye
46
Sign of injury to right abducens nucleus?
on rightward gaze: R eye does not abduct, L eye does not adduct
47
Eye movement deficits in right medial pontine syndrome?
on rightward gaze: R eye does not abduct, L eye does not adduct + on leftward gaze R eye does not adduct
48
Three causes of ptosis?
CN III palsy, Horner syndrome, myasthenia gravis
49
Muscles innervated by CN V?
temporalis, masseter, medial and lateral pterygoid, ant digastric, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatinin, mylohyoid
50
Motor signs with CN V injury?
asymmetric jaw closing (deviates to good side), atrophy of temporalis, masseter
51
Muscles innervated by CN VII?
muscles of facial expression, post digastic, stylohyoid, stapedius
52
Motor signs with CN VII injury?
Bell's palsy: complete facial paralysis - can't smile or wrinkle forehead
53
Muscle innervated by CN IX?
stylopharyngeus
54
Motor signs with CN IX injury?
dysphagia
55
Skeleteal muscles innervated by CN X?
levator veli palatini, palatoglossus, pharyngeal, laryngeal + esophageal
56
Motor signs with CN X injury?
dysphagia, hoarsness, sagging palate, uvula deviates to opposite side
57
Muscles innervated by CN XI?
trapezius, SCM
58
Motor signs with injury to CN XI?
weakness shrugging shoulder, cannot abduct humerus beyond 90, weakness turning head to opposite side
59
Muscles innervated by CN XII?
genioglossus, hyoglossus, styloglossus, instrinsic tongue muscles
60
Motor signs with CN XII injury?
tongue deviates to side of lesion on protrusion, atrophy of tongue muscles [compare to UMN injury]
61
Skin innervated by CN V?
face [V1 - forehead, upper eyelid + nose; V2 - cheek, lower eyelid, upper lip; V3 - jaw, lower lip]
62
Skin innervated by CN VII, IX and X?
small area around ear
63
What is Ramsay Hunt syndrome?
herpes infection in the geniculate ganglion = blisters on pinna
64
Signs of Ramsay Hunt syndrome?
IL facial paralysis, hyperacusis, loss of taste, herpes vesicles on external ear, canal
65
Viscera innervated by CN III?
sphincter pupillar, ciliary muscle
66
Viscera innervated by CN VII?
mucosa of nasal cavity, oral cavity, lacrimal, submandibular, sublingual glands
67
Viscera innervated by CN IX?
parotid gland, mucosa of middle ear, mucosa of oropharynx
68
Viscera innervated by CN X?
mucosa of larynx, pharynx, all viscera of foregut and midgut
69
CN/ganglia/nucleus for taste at the anterior 2/3s of tongue?
CN VII/geniculate/solitary
70
General sensory innervation to anterior 2/3 of tongue?
CN V
71
CN/ganglia/nucleus for taste at the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?
CN IX/inferior ganglion of IX/solitary
72
Signs of CN VII injury at the internal auditory meatus?
IL complete facial paralysis, dry eye, dry mouth, hyperacusis, decreased taste on ant 2/3 of tongue [tinnitus/hearing loss if CN VIII affected]
73
Signs of CN VIII injury in facial canal?
IL complete facial paralysis; decreased taste on ant 2/3 of tongue
74
Signs of CN VII injury at the stylomastoid foramen?
IL complete facial paralysis

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