Unit 3, Chapter 20 Flashcards

1
Q

Fort Sumter

A

South Carolina location where confederate forces fired the first shots of the civil war in April of 1861, after Union forces attempted to provision the fort

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2
Q

Border states

A

5 slave states (Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland, Delaware, and West Virginia) that did not secede during the civil war
-to keep the states in the Union, Lincoln insisted that the war was not about abolishing slavery but rather protecting the union

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3
Q

West Virginia (admitted to the Union 1863)

A

Mountainous region that broke away from Virginia in 1861 to form its own state after Virginia seceded from the Union
-most of the residents were independent farmers and miners who did not own slaves and the confederate cause

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4
Q

trent affair (1861)

A

diplomatic row that threatened to bring the British into the civil war on the side of the confederacy, after a Union warship stopped a british steamer and arrested 2 confederate diplomats on board

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5
Q

Alabama (1862-1864)

A

British-built and manned confederate warship that raided Union shipping during the Confederacy despite Union protests

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6
Q

Laird rams (1863)

A

2 well-armed ironclad war-ships constructed for the confederacy by a british firm
-seeking to avoid war with the United States, the British government purchased the 2 ships for its royal navy instead

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7
Q

Dominion of Canada (established 1867)

A

unified canadian government created by britian to booster canadians against potential attacks or overtures from the US

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8
Q

writ of habeas corpus

A

petition requiring law enforcement officers to present detained individuals before the court to examine the legality of the arrest

  • protects individuals from arbitrary state action
  • suspended by lincoln during the civil war
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9
Q

New York draft riots (1863)

A
uprising, mostly of working-class iris Americans, in protest of the draft
-rioters were particularly increased by the ability of the rich to hire substitutes or purchase exemptions
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10
Q

morril tariff act (1861)

A

increased duties back up to 1846 levels to raise revenue for the civil war

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11
Q

greenbacks

A

paper currency issued by the Union treaty during th civil war

  • inadequately supported by gold
  • greenbacks fluctuated in value throughout the war, reaching a low 39 cents on the dollar
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12
Q

National Banking system (1863)

A

Network of member banks that could issue currency against purchased government bonds
-created during the civil war to establish a stable national currency and stimulate the sale of war bonds

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13
Q

Homestead act (1862)

A

a federal law that sold settlers 160 acres of land for about $30 if they lived on it for 5 years and improved it by, for instance, building a house on it
-helped make land accessible to 100s of 1000s of westward moving settlers, but man people also found disappointment when their land was infertile or saw speculators getting best land

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14
Q

US sanitary commission (established 1861)

A

government agency founded with the help of Elizabeth Blakwell that trained nurses, collected medical supplies, and equipped hospitals in an effort to help the Union Army
-helped professionalize nursing and gave many women the confidence and organizational skills to propel the women’s movement in the post war years

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