Unit 5, Chapter 29 Flashcards
(46 cards)
Federal Reserve Act
(1913) An act establishing twelve regional Federal Reserve Banks and a Federal Reserve Board, appointed by the president, to regulate banking and create stability on a national scale in the volatile banking sector.
Clayton Anti-Trust Act
(1914) Law extending the Sherman Anti-Trust Act and exempting labor unions and agricultural org. from antimonopoly constraints.
Federal Trade Commission Act
(1914) During Woodrow’s presidency, empowered a commission, appointed by the president, to investigate illegal business practices, in interstate commerce.
Holding Companies
Companies that owned part of or all of another companies’ stocks in order to extend monopoly control. Often they did not produce goods or services of its own, but only to control another.
Underwood Tariff
Provided for a substantial reduction of rates and enacted an unprecedented, graduated federal income tax. By 1917, revenue had surpassed the receipts from the tariff.
Workingmen’s Compensation Act
(1916) Passed under Wilsom, granted assistance to federal civil-service employees during periods of disability.
Adamson Act
(1916) Established 8-hr days for all employees on trains involved in interstate commerce, with extra pay for overtime.
Jones Act
(1916) Law according territorial status to the Philippines and promising independence as soon as a “stable gov.” could be established.
Tampico Incident
(1914) An arrest of American sailors by the Mexican Gov. that spurred Wilson to dispatch the Navy to seize the port of Veracruz.though war was avoided, it created high tensions.
Central Powers
Germany and Austria-Hungary, later joined by Turkey and Bulgaria, made up this alliance against the Allies.
Allies
Great Britain, Russia, and France, later joined by Italy, Japan, and the US, formed alliance against the Central Powers.
U-boats
German submarines, named for the German Unterseeboat, proved deadly for Allied ships in the war zone.
Lusitania
British passenger liner that sank after it was torpedoed by Germany on May 7, 1915. There was 1,198 people killed, 128 of them American.
Zimmerman Note
(1917) German foreign secretary Arthur Simmer,an had secretly proposed a German-Mexican alliance against the US. It was intercepted and published publicly, pushing Americans to enter the war.
Fourteen Points
(1918) Wilson’s proposal to ensure peace after WWI, calling for an end to secret treaties, widespread arms reduction, national self-determination, and a new league of nations.
Committee on Public Information
(1917) A Gov. office during WWI known popularly as the Creel Committee for its chairman George Creel, it was dedicated to winning everyday Americans’ support for the war effort. It regularly distributed pro war propaganda, “four-minute men” to rally crowds and deliver “patriotic pep”.
Espionage Act
(1917) A law prohibiting interference with the draft and other acts of national “disloyalty”. Together with the Sedition Act (1918), which added penalties for abusing the gov. in writing, it created a climate that was unfriendly to civil liberties.
Schenck v. US
(1919) Supreme Court decision that upheld the Espionage and Sedition Acts, reasoning that freedom of speech could be curtailed when it posed a “clear and present danger” to the nation.
War Industries Board
(1917) Headed by Bernard Baruch, this federal agency coordinated industrial production during WWI, setting production quotas, allocating raw materials, and pushing companies to increase efficiency and eliminate waste.
Industrial Workers of the World
(1905) A radical organization that sought to build “one big Union” and advocated industrial sabotage in defense of that goal. Appealed to migratory workers in agriculture, lumbering, and mining that suffered bad conditions.
Great Migration
Two large waves of Blacks moving from the south to the north and west.
1) During WWI 1.5 million
2) 1940-70 5 million
Nineteenth Amendment
(1920) Allowed women the right to vote
Shepherd-Towner Maternity Act
(1921) Provided federally financed instruction in maternal and infant health care and expanded the role of gov. in family welfare.
American Expeditinary Forces
Name given to the US Army Force deployed to Europe in WWI commanded by General John J. Pershing and composed mostly of draftees.
