10th History Modern World - 2nd Semester review Flashcards by Carson Daniel

Why did Napoleon take charge of France?
A. To protect the country from attacks by other kings
B. Because the country was in turmoil with inflation, taxation and unemployment soaring
C. He wanted to take over the country and had his military backing him
D. All of the above.

C. He wanted to take over the country and had his military backing him

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What did the Second Estate do when the revolution began?

A. Establish the Jacobins political faction
B. Issue the Tennis Court Oath
C. Flee to surrounding monarchies in Europe
D. Capture the guns in the Bastille

C. Flee to surrounding monarchies in Europe

And probably convinced them to attack France so the revolutionary thought would not spread to their kingdoms.

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What happened to King Louis?

A. He divorced Marie Antoinette and had her beheaded
B. He was forced to move to Monaco
C. He was jailed and later beheaded
D. He escaped to England to live with his cousin

C. He was jailed and later beheaded

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What was a reason the Bastille was attacked?

A. To get the large cache of guns stored there
B. To free the prisoners kept there
C. To put King Louis under house arrest
D. To get the fine wines stored there

A. To get the large cache of guns stored there

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Which of the below is NOT true about the three Estates of France?
A. The clergy and nobility comprised the 2nd and 3rd estates. They paid no taxes.
B. The 3rd estate made up 96% of the population and paid all taxes.
C. The King served at the will of the other three Estates
D. The King presided over the Three Estates

C. The King served at the will of the other three Estates

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How did the Enlightenment and the American Revolution contribute to the beginning of the French Revolution?

A. Brought new ideas about commonly held rights
B. Provided an example of overthrow of a monarch
C. Eliminated the three Estates of France
D. A & B

D. A & B

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Why did the Third Estate meet at a tennis court, and what was the Tennis Court Oath?
A. To watch the French Open. Vowed to only use Wilson brand tennis balls
B. They were locked out by the King. Vowed to pay no more taxes.
C. They were locked out by the King. Vowed to write a national constitution
D. Only the tennis court could hold the members of all Three Estates. Vowed to dethrone King Louis

C. They were locked out by the King. Vowed to write a national constitution

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Which of the below are NOT financial problems within France that led to King Louis calling a meeting of the Estates General?
A. Debt was built up supporting the American Revolution and fighting England in the 7 years war
B. The nobility and clergy lived on the taxes of the Third Estate contributing nothing
C. A famine drove bread prices down
D. France spent almost 50% of their economic income

C. A famine drove bread prices down

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Who were the Jacobins, and how did they “worsen” the revolution?
A. A group of nobles who sought to take power and killed many commoners
B. An order of monks with great power over the King of France. The pitted the 2nd and 3rd Estates against each other
C. A political party during the revolution which killed over 20,000 rivals using the guillotine
D. Followers of Jacob Vargas of CSI: NY fame

C. A political party during the French revolution which killed over 20,000 rivals using the guillotine

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What did the “Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen” say?
A. Every man hads a right to life, liberty and unlimited wine
B. Every man has a right to life, liberty and pursuit of happiness
C. Every man has a right to life, liberty and property
D. A National Assembly should be formed composed of the Second and Third Estates only

C. Every man has a right to life, liberty and property

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Thomas Malthus believed population should be controlled because the underclass(poor) would reproduce beyond a country’s ability to grow food, which would lead to the country falling into catastrophe as war and famine - positive checks-corrected the overpopulation problem
A. True
B. False

A. True

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Socialism called for the government to take charge of

a. education
b. poorhouses
c. the economy
d. housing

c. the economy

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An economic and political system in which a country’s trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state.

Capitalism

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The first area of industry which benefited from the industrial Revolution was the

a. iron industry
b. consumer goods industry
c. fuel industry
d. textile industry

d. textile industry

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If demand for a particular product is great, and the supply for the product is low, then:
a. the prices for the item will be high
b the prices for the item will be low
c. the price of the item is unaffected

a. the prices for the item will be high

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The term Lasse-faire refers to

a. extensive government regulation of the economy
b. a form of communism
c. minimal government regulation
d. government direction of the economy

C. minimal government regulation. Hear hear!!!!

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Who was a proponent of three branches of government and the separation of powers?

a. John Locke
b. Baron de Montesquieu
c. Thomas Hobbes
d. Jean Jacques Rousseau

b. Baron de Montesquieu

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The industrial Revolution began in which country?
a. Ireland
b. The United States
c. England 
d. Germany
e . France

C England

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Lord Townsend developed a system of crop rotation that eliminated which of the following form the medieval 3 field system?

a. planting winter crops
b. leaving the land to lie fallow
c. planting grain crops
d. planting spring crops

b leaving the land to lie fallow was eliminated

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The Industrial Revolution led to the development of colonies, whose primary purpose was to

a. provide a source of raw materials
b. provide a market for manufactured goods
c. spread the benefits of socialism
d. both a and b
e. a, b and c

d. Both a & b

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In order to make farming more efficient, small farms in Britain were converted to larger farms in a movement known as

a. Enclosure
b. Conjoining
c. Collectivization
d. Consolidation

A. Enclosure

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Who were the two English men who started the Enlightment?

Did they come to the same conclusions regarding government and human nature?

Thomas Hobbes
John Locke

Hobbes believed humans selfish and wicked. Strong ruler needed to gain law and order. Social contract.
Locke favored self government and believed citizens would work it out. Natural rights of Life, Liberty, and Property.

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The industrial Revolution began in which country?
a. Ireland
b. The United States
c. England 
d. Germany
e . France

C England

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If you are at a train track junction and can save 5 people tied to the tracks on the right or one fat rich man tied to the left from an oncoming train, utilitarian directs you to

a. direct the train away from the five people
b. direct the train away from the rich dude (who will make you wealthy)
c. put the lever in the middle to try and derail the train
d. do nothing and let whatever occurs happen

a. direct the train away from the five people

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A person who invests money and hires workers to produce goods is called a(n) a. entrepreneur b. philanthropist c. capitalist d. laborer

c. capitalist

What was the movement to exploit colonies for their resources called? a. Nationalism b. Imperialism c. Socialism d. Capitalism

b. Imperialism

Which was not a major advantage that England had in leading the Industrial Revolution? a. resources such as coal and iron ore readily available b. access to waterways and the ocean c. political instability d. financing via banks and investors

c. political instability

Who was the leading advocate of capitalism? a. Karl Marx b. Adam Smith c. Napoleon Bonaparte d. King George of England

b. Adam Smith

In Medieval Europe, over-farming was extensive and communities suffered from malnutrition and weakened immune systems. As a result, the Black Death plague was more widespread than otherwise it could have been. This is an example of: a. capitalism b. socialism c. Malthusian catastrophe d. utilitarianism

c. Malthusian catastrophe

Cigarettes are bad for your health. However, in the U.S. private companies are allowed to sell these addictive products and people buy them even though they are very expensive. This is an example of: a. capitalism b. socialism c. entrepreneurship d. utilitarianism.

a. capitalism

A well liked waiter who made the most tips among the restaurant staff quit his job. When his father asked why, his son stated that he was tired of the management pooling all the tips and dividing them up equally among all the waiters. This is an example of: a. capitalism b. socialism c. entreneurship d. utilitarianism

b. socialism

If demand for a particular product is great, and the supply for the product is low, then: A. The prices for the item will be high B. The prices for the item will be low C. The price of the item is unaffected Y

A. The prices will be high

Which of the following statements is true? A. Socialism and communism describe the same ideology B. Socialism and communism are completely unrelated ideologies C. Communism is complete socialism where people own all the property D. Communism seeks political control; socialism seeks economic control

C. Communism is complete socialism where people own all the property

19th century socialists argued that government should A. Leave the economy alone B. Actively plan the economy C. Allow the economy to be controlled by the proletariat D. All the economy to be controlled by the bourgeoisie

B. Actively plan the economy

The philosophy of Laissez-Faire influenced early industrialists with ideas A. Of public ownership of the means of production B. Of an economy supported by tariffs on foreign goods C. Of a free market governed by natural laws, not government rules D. Of an economy where employers operate in the best interests of workers

C. Of a free market governed by natural laws, not government rules

Which of the following was not one of Adam Smith's three natural laws of economics? A. Law of self interest - people work for their own good B. Law of capital - investment is demanded to drive markets C. Law of competition - forces people to make a better product D. Law of supply & demand - enough goods produced to meet demand at the lowest possible price in a market economy

B. Law of capital - investment is demanded to drive markets

Why did Belgium lead Europe in the adoption of Industrialization? Why were other countries slower to adopt?

Belgium had France had an unstable government

How did imperialism grow out of industrialization? A. Industrialized nations seized colonies as a source of slave labor B. Seized colonies provided new sites for manufacturing C. seized colonies provided raw materials and markets for finished goods D. industrialized nations became too polluted and moved factories to the seized colonies

C. Raw materials and markets

How did the Industrial Revolution shift the world balance of power? A. Led to new alliances among non-industrialized nations B. Widened the wealth gap between industrialized and other nations C. Narrowed the wealth gap between industrialized and other nations D. It caused the industrialized nations to no longer view the poor countries as new markets for their manufactured goods

B. Widened the wealth gap between industrialized and other nations

Why were other European countries slower to industrialize than Britian? A. Britain would not share industrial secrets B. Wars in other parts of Europe halted trade and communication C. Other parts of Europe didn't have as many natural resources D. Workers in other parts of Europe joined unions

B. Wars in other parts of Europe halted trade and communication

How did the War of 1812 pave the way for the United States to industrialize? A. Materials from the war influenced new American inventions B. British prisoners of war greatly increased the US work force C. The British blockade forced the US to develop its own industries D. Under the treaty ending the war, Britain helped the US industrialize

C. The British blockade forced the US to develop its own industries

What did Britain do to keep industrial secrets from the U.S.? a. Charged impossibly high fees for their secrets B. Sent messages with misleading information C. blocked the US from engaging in international trade D. Forbade engineers, mechanics, and toolmakers from leaving

D. Forbade engineers, mechanics, and toolmakers from leaving

Which is one of way that the Industrial Revolution affected cities? A. Caused the crime rate to drop B. Caused cities to lose valuable sources of food C. Created technology to make cities more sanitary D. Caused the population of cites to grow faster than housing supply

D. Caused the population of cites to grow faster than housing supply

``` Which is a way that the new middle class transformed the social structure of Britain during industrialization? A. Middle class became the new ruling class in society B. Power structure of London shifted from city to the country C. Some members of middle class achieved top positions in society D. Aristocrats and wealthy landowners worked the weaken middle class influence. ```

C. Some members of middle class achieved top positions in society

``` How did landowners and aristocrats view wealthy members of the middle class? A. As equals B. As outcasts C. With high regard D. As not worthy of respect ```

D. As not worthy of respect

Which is a long-term effect of the Industrial Revolution? A. Most industrialized countries no longer have a working class B. Most people today in industrialized countries can afford consumer goods C. The standard of living for most city-dwellers in industrialized countries has declined D. Profits from industrialization has eliminated the need for most governments to levy taxes

B. Most people today in industrialized countries can afford consumer goods

How did industrialization affect the natural environment of Manchester? A. Factories polluted the air B. Textile mills made the Irwell River cleaner C. Textile mill owners built dams on the Irwell River D. Factories caused erosion on former farmland around Manchester

B. Most people today in industrialized countries can afford consumer goods

The crop rotation system increased crop yields by A. Allowing more land to rest B. Increasing nutrients in the soil C. Ensuring more of the seeds that were planted actually sprouted D. Decreasing the amount of land use to grow nutrient-depleting crops

A. Allowing more land to rest

Which of the following was a result of the Agricultural Revolution? a. landowners experimented with new agricultural methods b. Agricultural Revolution marked the end of the Industrial Revolution c. small farmers adopted the enclosure movement to increase yields d. small farmers could buy large amounts of land rather than renting as tenant farmers

a. landowners experimented with new agricultural methods

How did Britain's economy affect industrialization there? a. positively, allowing women and children to work long hours b. negatively, overseas expansion took jobs away from citizens c. positively, by developing ready access to loans and a climate of progress d. negatively, by Britain's decision to forbid engineers, mechanics, and toolmakers to leave the country

c. positively, by developing ready access to loans

One of the first industries to undergo major industrialization was a. banking b. railroads c. coal mining d. textile production

d. textile production

What was a benefit of the railroad in Britain? a. it eliminated hundreds of thousands of jobs b. it encouraged people to emigrate to other countries c. it offered cheap transportation for materials and goods d. it displaced England's agricultural and fishing industries

c. it offered cheap transportation for materials and goods

The elected ruler of France who declared himself emperor was a. Louis Blanc b. Louis-Phillipe c. Louis-Napoleon d. Phillipe Blais-Savoie

c. Louis-Napoleon

A key characteristic of nationalism is a. a flag b. a president c. a shared culture d. a supply of weapons

c. a shared culture

Why was the Congress of Vienna considered a success? | What was the long term legacy of the Congress of Vienna?

It restored a balance of power in Europe 40 years of peace among the five major powers. Nationalism spread in Italy, Germany, Greece and other areas put under foreign control. These feelings would spark future revolutions.

Who was Klemens von Metternich?

King of Austria. Architect of the Congress of Vienna agreement

What was the Congress of Europe?

Series of alliances devised by Metternich that ensured nations would help one another if revolutions broke out as a result of the French democracy being formed.

What was one important effect resulting from the political changes made at the Congress of Vienna? a. Russia and Prussia joined forces to control France b. France managed to retain control over the Netherlands c. Nationalistic feelings grew in countries placed under foreign rule d. Monarchs in Austria, Russia, and Prussia agreed to share power with elected officials

c. Nationalistic feelings grew in countries placed under foreign rule

``` The actions of the Congress of Vienna helped to generate an independence movement in A. Asia B. Africa C. North America D. South America. ```

D. South America.

``` As a result of actions taken by the Congress of Vienna, the monarchy was restored on the basis of "legitimacy" in A. Spain B. Russia C. Prussia D. Great Britain ```

A. Spain

Which of the following was an important goal of the Congress of Vienna? A. To destroy France B. to execute Napoleon by guillotine C. To establish a balance of power in Europe D. To establish Vienna as the new capital of Europe

C. To establish a balance of power in Europe

The person most responsible for the accomplishments of the Congress of Vienna was A. Czar Alexander I of Russia B. Emperor Francis I of Austria C. King Frederick William III of Prussia D. Prince Klemens von Metternich of Austria

D. Prince Klemens von Metternich of Austria

``` Napoleon's last bid for power, called the Hundred Days, ended with his defeat at A. Elba B. Paris C. Waterloo D. St. Helena ```

C. Waterloo

``` What strategy did Czar Alexander I use to defeat Napoleon in Russia? A. Frontal attack B. Guns and cannons C. Endless negotiations D. Scorched-earth policy ```

D. Scorched-earth policy

``` What were the Spanish peasant fighters that Napoleon could not defeat called? A. Czars B. Allies C. Creoles D. Guerrillas ```

D. Guerrillas

``` In 1804, Napoleon Bonaparte made himself the A. King of France B. Dictator of France C. Emperor of France D. President of France ```

C. Emperor of France

Which is NOT true about the Berlin Conference in 1884-5? A. Involved 14 European nations B. Included major African rulers C. Divided the African continent with little regard for culture/language D. was able to prevent conflicts and war among the Europeans

B. Included major African rulers

10th History Modern World - 2nd Semester review Flashcards

(67 cards)