Biology Unit 4 Flashcards
(34 cards)
Define
Atom-
Element -
Compound -
Atom-
Element -
Compound -
What property of water molecules causes surface tension? A- adhesion B- cohesion C- heat capacity D- solubility
B- cohesion. Holds hydrogen bonds together
Combining a solute and a solvent create a _________________.
Solution. Example - sugar into water
What effect do enzymes have on the activation energy of a chemical reaction?
They are a catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
The positively charged particle in an atom is called a(n) A- neutron B- ion C- proton D- electron
C- proton
Two or more different atoms are combined in definite proportions in any A- symbol B- isotope C- element D- compound
D- compound
All compounds are molecules. T/F
All molecules are elements. T/F
All compounds are molecules, however, not all molecules are compounds. Molecules such as O2 or H2 are pure and contain only a single element so they are NOT elements.
Proteins are polymers formed from A - lipids B- amino acids C- carbohydrates D- nucleic acids
B- amino acids
Nucleotides with consist of a phosphate group, a nitrogenous base, and a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. A- fatty acid B- 5-carbon sugar C- 6-carbon sugar D- lipid
B- 5-carbon sugar
In a chemical reaction, a reactant binds to an enzyme at a region known as the A- catalyst B- product C- substrate D- active site
D- active site
Which of the following molecules is made up of a glycerol molecule combined with fatty acids? A- lipid B- sugar C- starch D- nucleic acid
A- lipid
Explain how these terms are involved in a chemical reaction
Reactants. Products. Substrate. Enzymes
Catalysts. Chemical reaction. Activation energy
Activation energy - energy needed to get a reaction started
Chemical reaction - A process that changes or transforms chemicals
Reactant - An element or compound that enters into a reaction
Product - the element or compound produced by a chemical reaction
Catalyst - Substance that speeds up the rate of chemical reaction
Enzyme - protein that acts as a biological catalyst
Substrate - what enzymes bind to and change in final product
The center of an atom is called
Nucleus
Bond formed when electrons are shared between atoms
Covalent bond
An element or compound that enters into a chemical reaction is called
Reactant
Process that changes one set of chemicals into another is called a _________________
Chemical reaction
A positively charged subatomic particle is called a ________.
A negatively charged one is called a _____________.
A neutrally charged one is called a ______________.
Proton
Negative is electron
Neutral is called a neutron
Substance formed by the chemical combination of elements
A compound
What is a positively or negatively charged atom called __________.
An ion.
Positively - Cation
Negatively - Anion
Carbon compound that stores and transmits genetic information is _____________
Nucleic acids - DNA and RNA
What is the macromolecule formed when monomers join together?
A polymer. Mono- one
Poly - many
What bond is formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another?
Ionic bond
What are the monomers of nucleic acids called?
Nucleotides
What are the monomers of proteins called?
Amino acids
