VCJH History 8 Chpt 27 U.S. Becomes World Power Flashcards
(23 cards)
Secretary of State Seward was responsible for what two land purchases by the United States?
Alaska -1867
Midway Islands - annexed in 1867
Who was responsible for the purchase of Alaska from Russia?
What was the nickname for the land?
1867 Secretary of State - William Seward
Seward’s folly
What was the practice called where the Europeans took control of governments and economies in other countries?
Imperialsim
Why did the U.S. annex Hawaii?
For business. There were many pineapple and sugar plantations there. Sugar planters forced the Hawaiian queen out with the help of U.S. marines.
What was the timeline in the annexation of Hawaii?
-1835 Boston merchant establishes a sugar plantation there
1887 Pearl Harbor naval base established
1891 Hawaiian Queen fears losing her islands
1898 U.S. annexes Hawaiian Islands at request of ruling planters
State two arguments for and two against U.S. expansionism
For - needed more raw materials to grow.
- other countries would do it if we did not
Against
- overcame native people - went against principle of people electing their own leaders
Why did the U.S. get involved in the Cubans fight for independence from Spain?
- Monroe Doctrine - thought no Europeans should have stake in New World
- Business - sugar plantations
- Yellow journalism - rumors and lies about treatment of Cuban rebels
Why did the U.S. go to war with Spain over Cuba?
“Remember the Maine” - U.S had sent a battleship to Havana the capital and it was destroyed in an explosion
- newspapers and Congress pressured the president, McKinley
How long did the Spanish-American war last?
How many troops died in combat? Died from disease?
What were the terms of the treaty ending the war?
Just four months
345 died in combat. 5,500 from disease
Cuba gained its independence, Puerto Rico and Guam came under U.S. rule.
How did the U.S. gain a naval base at Guantanamo Bay in Cuba?
Through a treaty after the Spanish-American war.
How did the Philippines gain their independence in the Spanish-American war?
Why did they feel betrayed afterwards?
Admiral Dewey took the Pacific fleet and sunk the Spanish fleet of wooden boats. He then blockaded Manila the Philippine capital city. The U.S. negotiated a Spanish surrender and paid $20M for the land. The Filipinos felt betrayed and fought the U.S. for another 3 yrs.
What was the project that Teddy Roosevelt wanted to complete?
How was he blocked and what did he do?
Panama Canal
Sent a warship to Panama which sparked their revolution against Columbia. U.S. marines blocked Colombian soldiers from helping and they won. Afterwards the new country accepted $10M for a canal zone.
How did the world’s countries react to the U.S. part in Panama’s independence?
What did Roosevelt call his policy? What did it entail?
Other countries objected to America’s “gunboat diplomacy”
“Big Stick” policy. Try negotiation first and then use force if needed.
What was the timeline for the Panama canal?
- Pres Roosevelt wants to build it for trade and military strength
- Battleship sent to Panama to start their revolution
- Buy canal zone rights from new country of Panama
- Build canal over next decade
How did European countries try to stay safe before WW1?
- Building large militaries.
- ## Alliances.
What started WW1? How were the countries brought into it?
The assassination of the Austria-Hungarian heir to the throne by a Serbian nationalist. A-H declared war on Serbia and then Russia came to the Serbs defense. Germany was bound by alliance to join A-H. (Axis powers) France and Great Britain were bound to help Russia. (Allied Powers)
When did WW1 start?
Who were the Axis powers? Who were the Allied powers?
When did the U.S. get involved?
1914
Germany & Austria-Hungary France, Russia and Great Britain
April 1917
Why did the Germans have better trenches than the Allied powers?
What made the trenches such bad places?
Ask Carson
What new weapons were part of WW1?
Machine guns, planes, submarines, gas attacks, tanks, and trenches.
Who was the commander of the U.S. forces in WW1?
John J. Pershing
What were the terms of the Treaty of Versailles?
- $33 billion payback to the Allies
- Lost land to the west of the Rhine
- Restricted size of army and where they could go
- Admitted blame
What was the 14 point plan? Who came up with it?
A plan for peace developed by Woodrow Wilson.
What was the selective service act and when did it take effect?
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