VCJH History 8 Chpt 8 & 9 1-5 Flashcards
(24 cards)
Liberal
supporting ideas of freedom, changes, and progress.
Continuation Convention-
a meeting held in Philadelphia which delegates from the states represented.
Enlightenment
the age of reason
Republic
a country governed by elected representative
Constitutions
a written plan that provides the basic framework of a government
Framework
a basic set of ideas used to develop a larger plan
The Virginia Plan
Drafted by James Madison and proposed by Edmund Randolph, the Virginia Plan called for a strong national government with three branches, or parts. A legislative branch would make laws. An executive branch would carry out, or execute, the laws. A judicial branch, or system of courts, would apply and interpret the laws.
Under the Virginia Plan, Congress was to be made up of two houses, the House of Representatives and the Senate. The number of lawmakers that a state could send to Congress depended on the state’s population. States with large populations would have more representatives than smaller states would have.
Great Compromise
the plan of government adopted at the Constitutional Convention that established a two-house Congress.
In the House of Representatives, representation from each state is based on state population.
In the Senate, each state is represented by two senators.
A Compromise Is Reached Finally
a compromise was proposed based on a plan put forward earlier by Roger Sherman of Connecticut. The compromise plan kept a two-house Congress. The first house, the House of Representatives, would represent the people. In this house, the number of representatives from each state would be based on the state’s population. The second house, the Senate, would represent the states.
Successes and failures of the initial national government?
Structure-
Powers-
Limitations-
Structure - one national congress.
Powers - declaring war, raising armies, ratifying treatises.
Limitations - could not regulate trade or impose taxes.
Successes - helped grow country geographically and economically.
. Because congress could not regulate trade, states had different taxes and rules, making trade confusing and difficult .
. Congress lacked power to enforce treaties between the two nations though either economics or military means.
. States began issuing paper money, which led to high inflation.
Electoral College
the group established by the constitution to elect the president and Vice President. Voters in each sates choose their electors. The elector collage is made up of electors who casts votes to elect the president and Vice President. The electoral collage changed after 1800 because it caused to much confusion. Each state has as many electors in the electoral collage as the number of senators and representatives it sends to congress. The electoral collage consist of the selection of electors, the meeting of the electors where they vote for president and Vice President, and they counting of the electoral votes by congress.
The electoral collage consists of 538 electors. A majority of 270 electoral votes is required to elect the president. Your states number of electors equals one for each for members in the House of Representatives plus two for your senators. Under the 23rd amendment of the constitution the district of Colombia is allocated 3 electors and treated like a state given 3 votes.
Constitution
finalized September 17,1787
13 people did not sign the constitution because they were not convinced.
Benjamin Franklin gave the speech for the constitution.
Federalists
Supporters of the Constitution called themselves Federalists
Anti federalists
Opponents of the Constitution were known as Anti- Federalists.
Ratification
to make official
Three main Federalists that made the federalist papers were
James Madison , Alexander Hamilton (52) , John Jay
The 4 reason federalists papers written
the problems of the federation,
the problems because of the federation,
benefits of the constitution
the fears of the anti federalists addressed them
popular sovereignty
the idea that the government’s authority comes from the people
Legislative branch does what?
it makes laws
Describe the two houses of the legislative branch.
100 senators in the senate, two from each state. Senators are elected by the states and serve six year terms. The Vice President of the U.S. Is considered head of the senate, but does not vote in the senate unless there is a tie. The senate approves nominations made by the president to the cabinet, the supreme courts, Federal courts, and other posts.
435 representatives in the House of Representatives.Two year terms. Speaker of the house elected by the representatives is considered the head of the house.
Judicial branch does what?
the Supreme Court is the head of the judicial branch.
Describe the Supreme Court
Supreme Court there are justices, or judges eight associates judges and one Chief Justice. The judges are nominated by the president and approved by the senate. They have no term limits. The Supreme Court is the highest court in the land. It’s decisions are final, and no other court can overturn those decisions.
Executive branch does what?
Enforces the laws
What was the 3/5ths compromise
3 black people equalled one white person while voting
