Biology Chpt. 4

Question 0

Climate variation over short distances is called______ ?

Answer 0

Microclimates

Question 1

Differentiate between weather and climate.

Answer 1

Weather is the condition of Earth’s atmosphere at a particular time and place.

Climate is the average condition of temperature and precipitation in a region over long periods.

Question 2

Identify the factors that influence climate.

Answer 2

Trapped solar energy (sunlight)
latitude
transport of heat by winds and ocean currents.

Question 3

What is the greenhouse effect?s

Answer 3

Trapping of heat by gases in the atmosphere.

Keeps the temperature on Earth within a range suitable for life

Question 4

Define niche

Answer 4

all the conditions in which a species lives (physical and biological)

Question 5

What is a resource?

Answer 5

any necessity of life,

such as water, nutrients, light, food, or space.

Question 6

Describe the role competition plays in shaping communities.

Answer 6

Competition occurs when organisms try to use the same limited resources.
Direct competition between species often results in one species dying out.
Competition helps to determine the number and type of species in a community.

Question 7

The range of conditions under which a species can
grow and reproduce is called ______________.

Answer 7

Tolerance

Question 8

A species’ tolerance determines its ___________, the place where it lives.

Answer 8

habitat

Question 9

What is the competitive exclusion principle?

Answer 9

This principle states that no two species can occupy exactly the same niche in exactly the same habitat at the same time.

Question 10

Describe the role predation and herbivory play in shaping communities.

Answer 10

Predation occurs when one organism (the predator) captures and eats another (the prey). Herbivory is an interaction that occurs when an animal (the herbivore) feeds on
producers (such as plants).

Question 11

Identify the three types of symbiotic relationships in nature.

Answer 11

mutualism - both species benefit from the relation ship.
parasitism - one species benefits and the other is harmed
commensalism- one species benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed.

Question 12

Sometimes changes in the population of a single species, often called a _____________ ______________, can cause dramatic changes in the structure of a community.

Answer 12

keystone species