Biology Chpt. 7

Question 0

What is the cell theory?

Answer 0

• All living things made of cells
• Cell is basic unit of structure and function in living things
• New cells come from existing cells

Question 1

What invention enabled scientists to see cell for the first time?

Answer 1

Microscope in the 1600s

Question 2

Describe how compound light and electron microscopes work.

Answer 2

Compound microscope - lenses focus light. Up to 1,000x magnification.

Electron microscope - use beams of electrons focused by magnetic fields. Much higher resolution

Question 3

What is the difference between Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes?

Answer 3

Eukaryotes enclose DNA in nuclei

Prokaryotes do not enclose DNA in nuclei.

Question 4

T/F

The size of an image formed by a light microscope is unlimited because light that passes through matter is diffracted.

Answer 4

False. Limited to about 500x magnification

Question 5

Which category of cells - prokaryotic or eukaryotic - is your body composed of?

Answer 5

Eukaryotic ?????DNA inside nucleus.

Question 6

Match these- -Controls most cell processes/stores DNA
-Where lipid parts of cell membrane &
Golgi apparatus. Proteins are assembled and stored
Nucleus. - Modifies, sorts, and packages materials
Endoplasmic reticulum. From the endoplasmic reticulum
Mitochondrion. - Converts energy in food into usable form

Answer 6

Nucleus.- controls most cell processes and stores DNA
Golgi apparatus -
Endoplasmic reticulum -
Mitochondrion -

Question 7

What structure is found in a plant cell but not in an animal cell?
A- chloroplast
B- cell membrane
C- ribosome
D- nucleus

Answer 7

A- chloroplast

Question 8

What is the main function of vacuoles?

Answer 8

???

Question 9

Describe passive transport

Describe active transport

Answer 9

Passive - movement of materials across the cell membrane without using cellular energy

Active - movement of materials against a concentration difference. Requires energy

Question 10

Define diffusion

Answer 10

Process where particles move from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration

Question 11

Define Osmosis

Define diffusion

Answer 11

Facilitated diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

Process by which particles move from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration

Question 12

Define Isotonic, Hypertonic, and Hypotonic

Answer 12

Isotonic - two adjacent solutions have same concentrations of solute

Hypertonic - solution has a higher concentration of solute compared to another solution

Hypotonic - solution has a lower concentration of solute compared to another solution

Question 13

Which of the following must be true for diffusion to occur?
A- Molecules or particles must have different sizes
B- Special protein channels must always be available
C- There must be areas of different concentrations
D- Energy must be available

Answer 13

C- There must be areas of different concentrations

Question 14

Which term refers to the condition that exists when NO net change in concentration results in diffusion?
A- concentration
B- equilibrium
C- osmosis
D- randomness

Answer 14

??? B- equilibrium. ???? Check answer

Question 15

If air has a higher concentration of oxygen molecules than does the cytoplasm of your lung cells, where in your lungs will there be a net increase in oxygen?
A- in the air breathed out. C- outside of the lung cells
B- in the air breathed in D- inside of the lungs

Answer 15

????

Question 16

Which of the following statements tells how facilitated diffusion differs from simple diffusion?
A- particles move through cell membranes w/o use of energy by cells
B-particles tend to move from high concentration to low concentration
C-particles move within channel proteins passing thru cell membranes
D- particles tend to move more slowly than they would be expected to

Answer 16

C

Question 17

Match these definitions

Cells are in an isotonic solution. Cells lose water
Cells are in a hypertonic solution. Cells gain water
Cells are in a hypotonic solution. Cells stay the same

Answer 17

Cells are in an isotonic solution. Cells stay the same
Cells are in a hypertonic solution. Cells gain water
Cells are in a hypotonic solution. Cells lose water

                               CHECK THESE ANSWERS

Question 18

What is homeostasis?

Explain how unicellular organisms maintain homeostasis. Why is it particularly important to single-felled organisms?

Explain how multicellular organisms maintain homeostasis

Answer 18

Homeostasis - relatively constant internal conditions

Unicellular organisms must grow, respond to environment, transform energy, and reproduce. The cannot regulate and would die.

Multicellular organisms communicate with one another to maintain it

Question 19

Specialized cells in multicellular organisms are organized into groups
Define
Organ. Tissue. Organ system

Answer 19

Tissue - groups of cells working together to perform a particular function
Organ - group of tissues working together to perform task
Organ system - group of organs that work together to perform a specific function
Ex. - Lung tissue. Lung. Respiratory system

Question 20

The term ___________ refers to the relatively constant internal physical and chemical state of a living cell.

Answer 20

Homeostasis

Question 21

Some unicellular eukaryotes, called ___________, contain chloroplasts.

Answer 21

?????