VCJH Science 7 Homeostasis & Cell processes

Question 0

Osmosis

Answer 0

Process in which water passes through a living cell

Question 1

Homeostatic

Answer 1

Ability to monitor internal balance in response to outside changes

Question 2

Passive transport

Answer 2

Materials move in and out of the cell without any energy required.

Question 3

Active transport

Answer 3

Materials move i and out of the cell. Requires energy.

Question 4

Endocytosis

Answer 4

Process where a cell absorbs protein by absorbing them. Requires energy.

Question 5

Exocytosis

Answer 5

Process where a cell rids itself of material. Requires energy

Question 6

Diffusion

Answer 6

Tendency of molecules to spread out.

Question 7

Define mitosis

Answer 7

Process of cell division where two identical nuclei are created. Both have identical sets of chromosomes.

Prokaryotes do not undergo mitosis because they have no nucleus.

Question 8

Chromosomes

Answer 8

Strand of DNA that carries the genes

Question 9

DNA

Answer 9

Genetic material that determines the traits of a living thing

Question 10

What three words describe homeostasis?

Answer 10

The same, little and is a balancer

Question 11

What five things must a cell do to maintain homeostasis?

Answer 11

Get energy - Use energy - make new cells - exchange material - eliminate waste

Question 12

List the ways cells exchange material. Describe each process

Answer 12

Passive transport and active transport

Question 13

How do organisms maintain homeostasis?

Answer 13

.

Question 14

What provides the information for cell growth and function

Answer 14

DNA

Question 15

In what stage of the cell cycle does the cell spend most of its time?

Answer 15

Interphase

Question 16

List the two reasons cells divide

Answer 16

Repair themselves and reproduce

Question 17

What happens to genetic material during cell division?

Answer 17

It seperates into two and an exact copy is in each resulting cell

Question 18

List and describe the phases of mitosis

Answer 18

Prophase - chromatin condenses and becomes visible. Chromosomes made up of two chromatids form. Nucleus membrane breaks down.

Metaphase- Chromosomes line up in middle of cell

Anaphase - Chromatids separate and are pulled to opposite sides of the cell. Identical sets of chromosomes formed.

Telophase - New nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes. Two identical nuclei now formed.

Question 19

How do cells divide?

Answer 19

Reproduction - both single and multicellular organisms

Growth, development and repair in multicellular organisms.

Question 20

Define interphase

What happens during interphase?

Answer 20

Part of the cell cycle when the cell is not dividing

Cell grows to twice it’s original size, produces various organelles, carries out normal life activities.

Question 21

Define cytokinesis

Answer 21

The division of the parent cell’s cytoplasm into two complete cells.

Question 22

Single-celled organisms can reproduce by cell division T or F

Answer 22

True

Question 23

Cells divide only for the purpose of reproduction T or F

Answer 23

False.

Reproduction, repair, growth and development all occur for multicellular organisms.
Single celled organisms only divide cells for reproduction.

Question 24

In multicellular organisms, cell division can help repair injured areas. T or F

Answer 24

True.

Question 25

Cell division produces two cells that are different from each other T or F

Answer 25

False

Question 26

Describe what happens to DNA before cell division?

Answer 26

DNA is duplicated or copied before cell division The chromatin is compacted into visible structures called chromosomes.

Question 27

What are chromatids?

Answer 27

Two identical structures containing duplicated chromosomes They are held together by a centromere.

Question 28

What is a chromosome?

Answer 28

It is made of compacted chromatin.

Question 29

What is chromatin?

Answer 29

It is made up of DNA and proteins.

Question 30

Single celled organisms separate the cell into two separate nuclei before dividing T or F

Answer 30

False Single celled organisms have no nucleus.

Question 31

Loose chromatin is compacted into ______________.

Answer 31

Chromosomes

Question 32

Each chromosome has two _____________ that are held together by a ______________.

Answer 32

chromatids centromere

Question 33

Since they lack nuclei, prokaryotes do not undergo ____________ .

Answer 33

Mitosis

Question 34

The cell produces organelles during ____________.

Answer 34

Interphase

Question 35

______________ results in the formation of two new cells

Answer 35

Cytokinesis