3.2.4 Dysfunctional Families exp. (Sch)

Question 1

what theory did Bateson come up with?

Answer 1

double bind theory

Question 2

(double bind) symptoms of schizophrenia are due to difficulties in what?

Answer 2

communication

Question 3

(double bind) these communication difficulties are found particularly where?

Answer 3

in the family

particularly the parent child relationship

Question 4

(double bind) what was Bateson’s example of double bind communication with a mother and her schizophrenic son?

Answer 4

visited him in hospital
happy to see her he hugged her
she stiffened (non verbal)
he let go
she said "don't you love me anymore?" (verbal)

Question 5

(double bind) what is communication split into?

Answer 5

verbal (35%)
Non verbal (65%) e.g. facial expressions, body language

Question 6

(double bind) what can parents do with the different types of communication?

Answer 6

give conflicting messages

Question 7

(double bind) no matter what the child does they what?

Answer 7

lose

Question 8

(double bind) Bateson - crazy communication leads to what in the child?

Answer 8

crazy thought processes and behaviour

Question 9

(double bind) the child also finds it hard to metacommunicate what does this mean?

Answer 9

tell the parents their messages are conflicting

Question 10

(double bind) with long term double bind communication the child learns to perceive the world in terms of what?

Answer 10

contradictory input

Question 11

(double bind) eventually the communication leads to a manifestation of symptoms such as what and why?

Answer 11

hallucinations, confusion, difficulty communicating, withdrawal, delusions
as a way of escaping the contradictions

Question 12

(expressed emotion) what can expressed emotion be used to explain?

Answer 12

relapse

Question 13

(expressed emotion) in the 1950s chlorpromazine was used for treatment, after patients were stabilised and released what often happened?

Answer 13

readmission due to relapse

Question 14

(expressed emotion) Brown investigated who?

Answer 14

156 discharged men

Question 15

(expressed emotion) Brown found relapse was connected to what?

Answer 15

the type of home men were discharged to

Question 16

(expressed emotion) Brown - men discharged to live with their parents/wives showed higher what?

Answer 16

rates of relapse

Question 17

(expressed emotion) Brown conducted interviews with who?

Answer 17

wives and parents of men with schizophrenia

Question 18

(expressed emotion) Brown assessed expressed emotion by recording the interview and rating the number of what?

Answer 18

critical comments
statements of resentment
or statements of emotional over involvement

Question 19

(expressed emotion) Brown found a positive correlation between what?

Answer 19

amount of expressed emotion and likelihood of relapse

Question 20

(expressed emotion) what were the 5 characteristics Brown identified?

Answer 20

critical comments
hostility
emotional over involvement
warmth
positive regard

Question 21

(expressed emotion) what did Brown find regarding critical comments in high and low EE homes?

Answer 21

high - critical comments about individuals behaviour e.g. “they’re so lazy”
low - recognised the behaviours were due to illness

Question 22

(expressed emotion) what did Brown find regarding hostility and high EE homes?

Answer 22

high levels of hostility possibly due to anger, irritation or resentment at patient

Question 23

(expressed emotion) what did Brown find with high EE homes and emotional over involvement?

Answer 23

high levels of happiness and sadness
high levels of self sacrifice and over protectiveness
particularly with parents who felt guilty about their child’s illness

Question 24

(expressed emotion) what did Brown find with regard to warmth?

Answer 24

smiling and empathy when talking about schizophrenic individual were more evident in low EE caregivers

Question 25

(expressed emotion) what did Brown find with regard to positive regard?

Answer 25

reinforcing statements where the caregiver showed support and appreciation of the individual with schizophrenia lacking in low EE homes