1.2.4 Bowlby Findings And Conclusions (PD)

Question 1

How many main personality types did Bowlby identify?

Answer 1

6

Question 2

List the personality types:

Answer 2

• normal
• depressed
• circular
• hyperthymic
• affectionless
• schizoid

Question 3

Describe the NORMAL personality type:

Answer 3

Children who’s characters were fairly normal and stable

Question 4

Describe the DEPRESSED personality type:

Answer 4

Children who had been unstable but we’re now in a depressed state of mind

Question 5

Describe the CIRCULAR personality type:

Answer 5

Children who were unstable showing alternating depression and over activity

Question 6

Describe the HYPERTHYMIC personality:

Answer 6

Children who were constantly over active

Question 7

Describe the AFFECTIONLESS personality type:

Answer 7

Children showing lack of normal affection, shame or sense of responsibility

Question 8

Describe the SCHIZOID personality type:

Answer 8

Children showing schizoid or schizophrenic symptoms

Question 9

Which personality type did Bowlby focus on?

Answer 9

The affectionless character

Question 10

Of 44 thieves hoe many did Bowlby classify as affectionless?

Answer 10

14

Question 11

Of the 14 affctionless thieves how many experienced frequent separations from their mothers?

Answer 11

12

Question 12

Name a affectionless thief experiencing frequent early separations:

Answer 12

Derek B

Question 13

Explain Derek B’s separation history:

Answer 13

• developed diphtheria
• hospitalised at 18 months
• in hospital for 9 months
• wasn’t visited by his parents

Question 14

How many of the 30 non affectionless thieves experienced separations?

Answer 14

Only 5

Question 15

In the control group (44 non thieves) how many experienced separations?

Answer 15

Only 2

Question 16

Of the thieves not experiencing separations what did Bowlby find?

Answer 16

17 had mothers who were:
- anxious, irritable and fussy
OR
- rigid, domineering and oppressive

Question 17

What did here’s traits mask according to Bowlby?

Answer 17

Unconscious hostility

Question 18

What did 5 of the thieves not experiencing early separation have? Were these experiences reported by the control group?

Answer 18

• Fathers who hated them and expressed their hatred openly

- yes

Question 19

What conclusions can we draw from this (father/mother personality)?

Answer 19

Early experienced may cause emotional problems but not delinquency

Question 20

What is the main conclusion to be drawn?

Answer 20

Children would not have become offenders if they had not had experiences that were harmful to healthy development

Question 21

What did Bowlby believe in?

Answer 21

• the psychodynamic approach

- he thought early experiences were of vital importance to later development

Question 22

What experience/ relationship did Bowlby focus on?

Answer 22

The relationship between mother and child and the importance this has on emotional development

Question 23

What did Bowlby suggest damage to the mother-child relationship would do?

Answer 23

It would affect the development of the SUPEREGO leading to a reduced sense of right and wrong

Question 24

What other factors could influence juvenile delinquency?

Answer 24

Poverty
Poor housing
Lack of recreational facilities

Question 25

If the findings of the study are correct what implications for treatment are there?

Answer 25

• Treatment should be offered

- but the process is slow and difficult

Question 26

What is the preferable approach?

Answer 26

Prevention rather than treatment

Question 27

How might prolonged separation by unavoidable?

Answer 27

Illness

Mothers death

Question 28

If people are aware of the damage separation can cause what could happen?

Answer 28

Avoidance of separation in the first place preventing delinquency

Question 29

In order to determine what experiences had caused the thieves to steal, what did bowlby first have to do?

Answer 29

Distinguish between the personality types