Pharm anticoagulants

Question 1

fordycd@sutterhealth.com

Question 2

Hemostasis

Answer 2

Hemo = Blood, Stasis = Stop

Question 3

Thrombosis

Answer 3

formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessel, obstructing the flow of
blood through

Question 4

take out center line

Answer 4

supine on left side, trendelburg even better

Question 5

veinous is

Answer 5

hot

Question 6

arterial is

Answer 6

cold

Question 7

3-4 hours

Answer 7

you only have that window for blood thinners

Question 8

dont need to memorize

Answer 8

cascade

Question 9

extrinsic

Answer 9

stabbing

Question 10

Antiplatelet agents

Answer 10

slippery - think aspirin

Question 11

Anticoagulants

Answer 11

cascades of factors - inteferes w/ clotting. Prevent formation of clot is goal****it’s not going to dissolve the clot.

Question 12

clopidogrel (Plavix®)-

Answer 12

depends on genetics - aloha

Question 13

dipyridamole/aspirin(Aggrenox®)

Answer 13

2 types of anti-platelets - yes you can, can’t take 2 of the same kind.

Question 14

heparin warfarin(Coumadin®)

Answer 14

requires a lot of monitoring blood levels

Question 15

Anticoagulants - C for

Answer 15

cascade

Question 16

Ginko-Garlic-Ginger-Ginseng

Answer 16

can interfere and cause more clotting

Question 17

Dipyridamole should be taken on

Answer 17

empty stomach

Question 18

anti-coagulant =

Answer 18

ANTI - clot

Question 19

anti-coagulant goal

Answer 19

Goal is to thin blood to prevent thrombus
forming

Question 20

Can be deadly if both

Answer 20

Heparin &
LMWH given together- Always
double check orders…

Question 21

never give any of these meds with an…

Answer 21

epidural

Question 22

heparin monitored by…

Answer 22

APPT time. normal is within 30 - 40 seconds. Therauputic is 60 - 80. Just double it.

Question 23

Warfarin (Coumadin)

Answer 23

 Prothrombin time/ International Normalized Ratio. INR - I is 1. Therapeutic is 2 - 3.5

Question 24

PT normal time

Answer 24

Normal PT= 11-15 sec
 Therapeutic PT= 1.5x normal

Question 25

what drugs increase warfarin bleeding

Answer 25

Amiodarone, fluconazole, erythromycin, metronidazole, sulfonamides antibx, cimetidine. Herbs: dong quai, garlic, ginkgo;

Question 26

Anticoagulants: Adverse Effects

Answer 26

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia(HIT) / (ITP)

Question 27

heparin is***

Answer 27

APTT

Question 28

ratio of protamine sulfate to heparin

Answer 28

1mg to neutralize 100U Heparin}

Question 29

Heparin DVT Prophylaxis - how much?

Answer 29

5000U SQ BID-TID

Question 30

don't massage sub q

Answer 30

heparin

Question 31

Vitamin K actual name

Answer 31

Phytonadione

Question 32

Drug therapy with enoxaparin (Lovenox) must be closely monitored with activated partial thromboplastin times (aPTTs) lab tests.

Answer 32

False

Question 33

TPA or Alteplase (anti-clots) DO NOT

Answer 33

have antidotes

Question 34

A patient is receiving an IV infusion of heparin & was started on warfarin therapy the night before. Which statement is most correct?***

Answer 34

The heparin provides anticoagulation until therapeutic levels of warfarin are reached.

Question 35

Urokinase antidote

Answer 35

aminocaproic acid

Question 36

Thrombolytic Drugs

Answer 36

lytic = lysing

Question 37

Altaplace no antidote bc....

Answer 37

the ½ life is only 5 min

Question 38

Fibrinolytic Agents - bleeding is...

Answer 38

more severe than with anticoagulants and can be difficult to control

Question 39

A patient is receiving an intravenous infusion of a thrombolytic drug during treatment for an acute MI. The nurse notices that there is a slight amount of bleeding from the antecubital area where venous lab work was drawn. What should the nurse do first?

Answer 39

Apply pressure to the site with a gauze pad

Question 40

Which of the following is not a contraindication forthe use of thrombolytics?

Answer 40

. Use of acetaminophen (Tylenol®)

Question 41

patient arrived in the emergency department 2 hours after a stroke & was given an intravenous (IV) injection of Alteplase®. It is most important for the nurse to monitor what? (Select all that apply.)

Answer 41

1. Bleeding 2. Vital signs 3. PT levels 4. Allergic reactions 5. Electrocardiogram everything except 3 and 4