test bank Flashcards
(93 cards)
S3 heart sounds are normal in who? (3 children)
normal in children and adults up to 30 or 40
CAD - with exercise has an increase in HR - means what?
Myocardial ischemia
The nurse is caring for an 82-year-old patient. The nurse knows that changes in cardiac structure and function occur in older adults. What is a normal change expected in the aging heart of an older adult? Just one thing (old, wide aorta)
widening of the aorta
connective tissue with age (this is collagen)
increases with age
increased CVP is (think water)
hypervolemia
The critical care nurse is caring for a patient who has had an MI. The nurse should expect to assist with establishing what hemodynamic monitoring procedure to assess the patients left ventricular function? (left gets pampers)
Pulmonary artery pressure monitoring (PAPM)
Central venous pressure (CVP) monitoring is left or right ventricle? (RIGHT in the center)
right
The nurse is caring for an acutely ill patient who has central venous pressure monitoring in place. What intervention should be included in the care plan of a patient with CVP in place?
Change the site dressing whenever it becomes visibly soiled. NOT ROM.
A patient is brought into the ED by family members who tell the nurse the patient grabbed his chest and complained of substernal chest pain. The care team recognizes the need to monitor the patients cardiac function closely while interventions are performed. What form of monitoring should the nurse anticipate?
Hardwire continuous ECG monitoring
The nurse is performing an intake assessment on a patient with a new diagnosis of coronary artery disease. What would be the most important determination to make during this intake assessment?
NOT DIET. Whether the patient and involved family members are able to recognize symptoms of an acute cardiac problem and respond appropriately
The nurse is relating the deficits in a patients synchronization of the atrial and ventricular events to his diagnosis. What are the physiologic characteristics of the nodal and Purkinje cells that provide this synchronization? Select all that apply.
automacticity, conductivity, and excitability
A lipid profile has been ordered for a patient who has been experiencing cardiac symptoms. When should a lipid profile be drawn in order to maximize the accuracy of results? (fat after 12)
After a 12-hour fast
When hemodynamic monitoring is ordered for a patient, a catheter is inserted into the appropriate blood vessel or heart chamber. When assessing a patient who has such a device in place, the nurse should check which of the following components? Select all that apply.
tranducer, a flush system, a pressure bag.
Pulmonary artery pressure monitoring (PAPM) is to assess which ventricle?
the left
all types of angina on ECG
transient T-wave inversion
STEMI - what is the pain like?
unrelenting pain
troponin - how soon is it detected after an MI?
MI, detected 3-4 hrs after onset of chest pain. normal 0 - .1
Door to Balloon time
< 90 minutes
Fibrinolytic: door to drug time (fiber after 30)
less than 30 min for STEMI patients
PCI (balloon angioplasty) pre-op care - how long to fast? And what about allergies?
Fasting/NPO for 6-12 hrs
-Baseline assessment: VS, O2 sat, Heart and lung sounds, neurovascular assessment of extremities.
Assess all distal pulse, mark them for indicator for post op care
Stop meds like Aspirin/blood thinners
Assess labs
Allergies; contrast dye
Pt education: flush feeling when dye injected; fluttering of heart
PCI post op care - check for signs of..
-Baseline assessment: compare to preprocedural; note hypotension or HTN; Signs of PE
What is a Holter monitor? (holt continously watches me)
Continuous cardiac monitoring portable device.
transthoracic echocardiogram - invasive or not?
non-invasive
A critical care nurse is caring for a patient with a hemodynamic monitoring system in place. For what complications should the nurse assess? Select all that apply.
pneumothorax, air embolism, and infection
