pharm quiz 3

Question 1

Cellulitis - how far does it go?

Answer 1

The patient’s lower leg is erythematous, warm and appears infected from the deep dermis to the subcutaneous fat. There does not appear to be any sort of fluid collection.

Question 2

This might be Cellulitis

Answer 2

a common, potentially serious bacterial skin infection. The affected skin appears swollen and red and is typically painful and warm to the touch.

Question 3

Isotretinoin

Answer 3

There have been case reports of suicide and suicide attempts in patients receiving isotretinoin. Patients should be educated to report immediately any signs of depression to their prescribers. Follow-up treatment may be needed, and simply stopping the drug may be insufficient

Question 4

Atopic Dermatitis - What is the most common symptom?

Answer 4

itchy, inflamed skin

Question 5

The skin of a person with atopic dermatitis (AD) is more susceptible to (3 things)

Answer 5

warts, herpes simplex, skin infections.

Question 6

For a person with normal skin, the outer part acts as a barrier, protecting the inner layer from damage. The skin of a person with atopic dermatitis

Answer 6

loses too much moisture. This reduces its protective abilities. It is more vulnerable to certain infections.

Question 7

People with eczema are more likely to have a (think vaccine)

Answer 7

severe and possibly life-threatening reaction to smallpox vaccination.

Question 8

Those with eczema also can develop

Answer 8

eczema herpeticum, a herpes infection in the skin that can be life-threatening

Question 9

Skin infections that seem to have stopped for a while and comes back are most likely

Answer 9

fungal infection.

Question 10

head lice treatment (perm your hair lice)

Answer 10

Permethrin® 1% lotion: for pediculosis capitis (head lice) treatment

Question 11

Collagenase (Santyl®) (collagen breaks down and builds up)

Answer 11

This product is used to help the healing of burns and skin ulcers. Collagenase is an enzyme. It works by helping to break up and remove dead skin and tissue. This effect may also help antibiotics to work better and speed up the body’s natural healing process.

Question 12

mupirocin (Bactroban) can be used for (mucus is honey)

Answer 12

bacterial skin infection with honey colored crusted patches, weeping slightly.

Question 13

mupirocin (Bactroban): positive results for (mucus is mrsa)

Answer 13

nasal colonization by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

Question 14

povidone-iodine (Betadine®), contraindicated in patients with

Answer 14

shellfish allergy

Question 15

how to apply Silvadene

Answer 15

A thin layer of medication should be applied with a sterile, gloved hand to clean and debrided wounds.

Question 16

Alzheimer

Answer 16

Neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques found in the brain of one with Alzheimer

Question 17

Donepezil (Aricept®)

Answer 17

Not curative, May help to improve the symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease

Question 18

Atropine may be used as an

Answer 18

antidote for Aricept® (don) overdosage

Question 19

Taking a cholinergic drug for 5 days, feel crampy and queasy. Skin appears flushed. Might be signs of a

Answer 19

Cholinergic Crisis: BP: 134/76 (lying down) 100/70 (standing) Pulse: 80 (lying down) 110 (standing)

BP down, pulse up

Question 20

side effect of anticholinergic therapy. (atchoo - light)

Answer 20

Photophobia is a possible side effect

Question 21

Slowing of processes necessary for information retrieval is a

Answer 21

normal consequence of aging. However, the global statement that memory loss occurs as part of natural aging is not true.

Question 22

dementia care

Answer 22

A stimulating environment is a source of confusion and anxiety for a client with a moderate level of impairment and, therefore, would not be included in the plan of care. Regular routine, structured schedule, positive reinforcement

Question 23

New diagnose of memory loss patient:

Answer 23

Discontinuation of any chronic opioid medications, serum blood work for vitamin levels and psychiatric evaluation for feelings of depression and anxiety.

Question 24

The addition of carbidopa allows (carbs don’t break down dopa)

Answer 24

more of the levodopa to reach the site
of action without being broken down; thus, lower doses of levodopa are needed,
and the combination is more efficient in increasing the dopamine level in the
brain. Exogenously administered dopamine cannot cross the blood-brain barrier

Question 25

Long term dopaminergic therapy (for parkinson's): “On-off” syndrome refers to a - how long after using? (dopes turn off)

Answer 25

complication after prolonged levodopa therapy (2 years or more). During therapy the patient fluctuates from being symptom free (on) to demonstrating full-blown parkinsonian symptoms (off). These effects may last from minutes to hours

Question 26

Experience shortening of effectivity over time with

Answer 26

levadopa can occur

Question 27

Levodopa is converted to

Answer 27

dopamine, which is the neurotransmitter that has deficient amounts in parkinsons

Question 28

levodopa side effect (dopa don't fall)

Answer 28

Although a reduced falls rate may occur, it is an unintended benefit of drug therapy

Question 29

Amantadine (Symmetrel®) is prescribed for (Amanta at the park)

Answer 29

a patient with Parkinson’s disease and used as an antiviral agent for Influenza A

Question 30

cheese effect (Selene is MIA) - but what does it do to the body?

Answer 30

selegiline: cheese effect causes severe hypertension. At doses that exceed 10 mg per day, selegiline becomes a nonselective monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI), contributing to the development of the cheese effect, so called because it interacts with tyramine-containing foods (cheese, red wine, beer, and yogurt).

Question 31

chemical that is in excess in clients with Parkinson’s disease (Fox is not an Ace)

Answer 31

Acetylcholine is the chemical that is in excess amounts in clients with Parkinson’s disease, owing to low dopamine

Question 32

Dystonia (grimace like a stone)

Answer 32

Facial spasm / grimace

Question 33

Tardive dyskinesia (tara lip smack)

Answer 33

Lip smacking and tongue protrusion

Question 34

Akinesia

Answer 34

Absence of psychomotor activity

Question 35

Anticholinergics, such as benztropine (Cogentin), are used to (benzos slow me down)

Answer 35

decrease the EPS effects associated with antipsychotic medications

Question 36

Anticholinergics, such as benztropine (Cogentin), are used to (psychos need benzos)

Answer 36

decrease the EPS effects associated with antipsychotic medications

Question 37

Antidepressants may take how long to start working?

Answer 37

Antidepressants may take 4 to 6 weeks to start working

Question 38

Phenothiazines produce (no pee on phen phen)

Answer 38

anticholinergic-like adverse effects of dry mouth, urinary hesitancy, and constipation

Question 39

Serotonin Syndrome Symptoms includes (stiff seratonin gives me diarrhea)

Answer 39

high body temperature, agitation, muscle rigidity, tremor, sweating, dilated pupils, and diarrhea.

Question 40

antipsychotic drugs - how long to start working?

Answer 40

Emotional instability, hallucinations, paranoia, delusions, garbled speech, and inability to cope should begin to decrease once the patient has been taking the medication for several weeks.

Question 41

Phenothiazine drugs (antipsychotic) (need a holiday from phen phen) BECAUSE IT CAN CAUSE WHAT

Answer 41

Drug-free holidays are recommended to attempt to prevent EPS outcomes which tardive dyskinesia in patients who are taking phenothiazines is possible

Question 42

MAOIs need to avoid

Answer 42

Aged cheeses such a cheddar cheese contain tyramine. Patients who are taking MAOIs need to avoid tyramine-containing foods because of a severe hypertensive reaction that may occur.

Question 43

Symptoms of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (Hal is a malignant fever)

Answer 43

Haldol therapy for example, usually include very high fever (102 to 104 degrees F), irregular pulse, accelerated heartbeat (tachycardia), increased rate of respiration (tachypnea), muscle rigidity, altered mental status, autonomic nervous system dysfunction resulting in high or low blood pressure.

Question 44

Bupropion is indicated for the treatment of

Answer 44

depression and as an adjunct to smoking cessation. It is also occasionally used in the management of attention deficit hyperactive disorder

Question 45

The antipsychotics fall into two broad categories (new clots and olans)

Answer 45

the earlier typical agents, including chlorpromazine (Thorazine) and haloperidol, and the newer atypical agents including clozapine and olanzapine.

Question 46

Aripiprazole represents (Pip is dope, can be pro or con)

Answer 46

a novel approach with dopaminergic agonist/antagonist activity

Question 47

Extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) -from what type of drug? (don't be a dope at the pyramids)

Answer 47

commonly referred to as drug-induced movement disorders are among the most common adverse drug effects patients experience from dopamine-receptor blocking agents

Question 48

adverse effects of silvadine (silver burns)

Answer 48

Adverse effects may include pain, burning, and itching

Question 49

dopaminargeric on off causes (SAD off and on)

Answer 49

a decrease in the delivery of dopamine centrally, an alteration in sensitivity of the dopamine receptors, a variation in the amount and rate of drug absorption, interference with dopamine metabolites, or a combination of effects.