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Test 19- BC Flashcards

(46 cards)

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1
Q

Non-essential glucogenic AA that can b e transaminated for form pyruvate

A

Alanine

Serine

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2
Q

Def that impairs glutathione reduction d/t failure to produce NADPH

A

G6PD def

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3
Q

Deficiency in which erythrocyte enzyme may cause periodic hemolysis similar to G6PD def?

A

Glutathione reductase def

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4
Q

Keeps glutathione reduced allowing for the detoxificaiton of free radicals and perioxides

A

Glutathione reductase

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5
Q

Elastin-associated glycoprotein in the:
zonular fibers of the lens
periosteum
aortic media

A

MarFANs syndrome

Fibrillin-1 is a major component of microfibrils that form a sheath around elastin fibers.

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6
Q

Impaired osteoclastic bone resorption leading to increased bone thickness and density. Osteoblast fxn normal.

A

Osteopetrosis

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7
Q

HLA-B27 positive arthritis that leads to fusion of hte spine and sacroiliac joints, and arthritis in the ips, shoulders and costochondroal joints

A

Ankylosing spondylitis

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8
Q

Defect in hte formation of type III collagen molecules.

A

EDS

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9
Q

Defect in FGFR 3 gene> abnormal condrocyte proliferation at the growth plates of long bones

A

Acondroplasia> dwarfism

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10
Q

Synthesizes majority of rRNA in the nucleolus

A

RNA pol I

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11
Q

Enzyme responsible for DNA replication and repair. Found throughout the nucleus

A

DNA Pol

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12
Q

Synthesizes mRNA, sn RNA and miRNA

A

RNA II (MASSIVE RNA)

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13
Q

makes tRNA

A

RNA III

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14
Q

Breaks down the phosphodiester bond w/in the nucleotide chain in DNA and RNA

A

endonucleases

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15
Q

Failure of glycogenolysis w/ clinical manifestations of decreased exercise tolerance, myoglobinuria and muscle pain w/ activity.

A

McArdle’s

Myophosphorylase def

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16
Q

What intracellular substance is likely to increase following activation of a G protein dependent phospholipase C?

A

Ca

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17
Q

phosphoinositol messenger system that leads to an increase in intracellular Ca

A

GPCR activation>
PLC>
IP3>
PKC

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18
Q

Endocrine hormones that use IP3 for sginaling

A

GOAT HAG

GnRH
Oxytocin
ADH (V1)
TRH
Histamine (H1)
Ang II
Gastrin
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19
Q

Endocrine hormones that use cAMP for signaling

Study These Flashcards
A

FLAT ChAMP

FSH
LH
ACTH
TSH
CRH
hCG
ADH (V2)
MSH
PTH

calcitonin
GHRH
glucagon

20
Q

Endocrine hormones that use cGMP for signaling

21
Q

Precursor to vit A

22
Q

Precursor to tyrosine

Study These Flashcards
A

Phenylalanine

23
Q

Precursor of NO, urea, Ornithine and agmatine

Study These Flashcards
A

Arginine

also needed to make creatine

24
Q

Precursor of pyrimidine

25
What conditions promote sickling?
Deoxygenated state low pH HIGH 2,3PDG
26
Decreased 2,3 DPG
increased affinity of Hb for O2> uptake of O2 by Hb | need increased to release to tissues
27
What uses the gycerol produced by degradation of TG by hormone sensitive lipase?
Liver > TG synthesis, gluconeogensis, intm in glycolysis
28
What liver specific enzyme faciliates the use of TG breakdown products as intermediates in energy generation and glucose synthesis?
Glycerol kinase
29
What must happen to FA in order to undergo beta oxidation in the mitochondria?
Fatty acyl-CoA synthetase activates FA to Acyl CoA in hte CYTOPLASM. Fatty acyl combines w/ carnitine to be shuttled into the mitochondria
30
What is the first enzyme in the HMP shunt?
G6PD produces NADPH and pentose sugars for nucleotide synthesis
31
Converts acetyl CoA to malonly CoA, catalyzing the first committed step in FA synthesis
Acetyl CoA carboxylase (Biotin Depndent!)
32
Location of FA synthesis
cytosol
33
Location of FA oxidation
mitochondria
34
mRNA Stop codons
U Go Away U Are Away U Are Gone
35
What codon initiates protein synthesis?
AUG
36
Translation of the mRNA template goes in what direction?
5' to 3'
37
When do H dissociated from AA?
When pH exceeds the pKA associated w/ the given H
38
Act on the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus to inhibit production of neuropeptide Y (decreasing apetiatie and stimulate production of alpha MSH (increasing satiety)
Leptin
39
Phylalanine to tyrosine
Phpyenylalanine hydroxylase (BH4) (PKU)
40
Tyrosine to DOPA
Tyrosine hydroxylase (BH4)
41
Dopa to Dopamine
DOPA carboxylase (B6)
42
Dopamine to NE
Dopamine Hydroxylase (Vit C)
43
NE to Epi
PNMT (Sam)
44
What stimulates the conversion of NE to epi?
cortisol
45
Where are NE and Dopamine produced?
CNS and PNS
46
Where is epi produced?
Adrenal glands (medulla)

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