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Test 52 Flashcards

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1
Q

hirschsprung disease

A

abnormal migraiton of NCC to the RECTUM!!!!!!

rectum is ALWAYS involved, sigmoid colon in 75% of cases

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2
Q

medication used for seizure prophylaxis and for bipolar

A

valproatea

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3
Q

anticonvulsants that are used as mood stabilizers in bipolar

A

carbamezipine

lamotrigine

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4
Q

abscence seizures

reduces Ca currents

A

ethosuximide

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5
Q

Lithium

A

acute and maintenance tx of bipolar

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6
Q

1st line tx for active seizures
acute anxiety
alcohol w/drawal

A

Lorazepam

NOT bipolar

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7
Q

cause of xEroderma pigmentosum

A

defect in DNA EXCISIONAL repair

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8
Q

increased sensitivity to UV radiation and high incidence of all forms of cutaneousmalignancy

A

xeroderma pigmentosum

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9
Q

RB

A

regulates cell cycle

retinoblastoma
osteosarcoma

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10
Q

DNA mismatch repair

A

HNPCC or lynch syndrome

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11
Q

oral admin of d xylose

A

(monosaccharide)

used to differentiate between malabsorption of pancreatic vs GI mucosal etiology

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12
Q

Tetanus immunization

A

toxoid that triggers produciton of antitoxin Abs (activve immunity)

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13
Q

chronic sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, REM phenomena

A

Narcolepsy

recurrent naps
brief loss of muscle tone
hallucinations

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14
Q

don’t feel refreshed after naps

persistent daytime sleepiness

A

hypersomnolence

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15
Q

don’t feel refreshed after naps

persistent daytime sleepiness

A

hypersomnolence

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16
Q

Promotes renal calculi

A

increased Ca, oxalate and uric acid promote salt crystalllization

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17
Q

prevents calculi formation

A

citrate

stone preventing effect, binds to free Ca and preents its precipitation and facilitates its excretion

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18
Q

prevents calculi formation

A

citrate

stone preventing effect, binds to free Ca and prevents its precipitation and facilitates its excretion

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19
Q

how do you dx thiamine deficiency

A

erythrocyte transketolase activity

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20
Q

B1 cofactor for waht enzymes

A

PDH
alpha ketoglutarate DH
transketolase

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21
Q

location of left ventricular leads

A

course through the coronary sinus in the AV groove on teh posterior aspect of the heart

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22
Q

PPV

A

TP/ (TP+FP)

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23
Q

PPV

24
Q

hypoxemia in pulmonary vascular bed

Study These Flashcards
A

vasoconstrictive response

25
MC lung cancer in general population
Adenocarcinoma
26
MC subtype of cancer in women and non smokers
Adenocarcionma
27
lung cancer that's located peiropherally nad consists of tumor cells that forms glandular papillary structures
Adenocarcinoma
28
located centrally necrosis and cavitation smokers hypercalcemia
SCC
29
Centrally located smokers cavitation hypercalcemia
Small cell carcinoma
30
peripheral gynecomastia gaactorrhea
Large cell carcinoma
31
preferred tx for RA that can cause pianful mouth ulcers (stomatitis), nausea, and AST/ALT elevations
MTX
32
MC hereditary cause of renal failure in adults
ADPKD
33
HTN hematuria progressive renal failure cerebral aneurysms
ADPKD
34
untreated GAS
RF
35
what causes RF
antigenic similarity between bacterial Ags and normal "self" Ags in heart and CNS
36
NSCLC EML4-ALK that results in a constituitively active TK that cuases malignancy is most similar to the pathophysiology of...
CML
37
NSCLC EML4-ALK that results in a constituitively active TK that cuases malignancy is most similar to the pathophysiology of...
CML
38
infant subdural hematoma bilateral retinal hemorrhages
shaken baby syndrome
39
infant subdural hematoma bilateral retinal hemorrhages
shaken baby syndrome
40
can cauase daytime drowsiness and increase the risk of falls in elderly
Benzos *severity of SE depends on t1/2 of drug (long acting are more severe than short, but less likely to cause dependence)
41
Alprazolam Traizolam Oxazepam
short acting Benzos less daytime drowsinesss (less risk of falls) high risk of dependence
42
estazolam lorazepam temazepam
medium acting benzos w/ mod SE
43
Chlordizepoxide Clorazepate Diazepam Flurazepam
longer action high risk of FALLS less w/drawal
44
DKA
low pH low serum bicarb low Pa CO2 high AG metabollic acidosis> compensatory respiratory alkalosis> Low PaCO2
45
DKA
low pH low serum bicarb low Pa CO2 high AG metabollic acidosis> compensatory respiratory alkalosis> Low PaCO2
46
major virulence factor for S. pyogenes inhibits phagocytosis and complement activation mediates bacterial adherence
protein M
47
posterior fossa mass in child primitive cells and mitotic figures sheets of small blue cells
medulloblastoma
48
MC brain neoplasm of child rosenthal fibers low grade
pilocytic astrocytoma
49
tumor in child that arises from walls of ventriculi and hampers CSF flow > hydrocephalus cells form rosettes
ependyomas
50
tumor in child that arises from walls of ventriculi and hampers CSF flow > hydrocephalus cells form rosettes
ependyomas
51
travels w/ the inferior thyroid a.
recurrent laryngeal nerve *can be injured during thyroidectomy
52
travels w/ the inferior thyroid a.
recurrent laryngeal nerve *can be injured during thyroidectomy
53
Chlamydia | ureaplasma
lack cell walls so can't be treated w/ penicillins or cephalosporins *use macrolides or tetracyclines
54
Factor 8 synthesized/stored where?
synthesized by liver and stored in endothelial cells
55
used for tx of mild-mod hemophelia A> | releases VWF and Factor 8 from endothelium
Desmopressin
56
MC malignancy in pts w/ exposure to asbestos
bronchogenic carcinoma*** esp in smokers mesothelioma= rare malignancy of pleura
57
asbestos occurs w/
shipbulding construciton textiles

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