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Test 61 Flashcards

1
Q

elevated creatinine following acyclovir tx

A

acyclovir nephrotoxicity d/t crystalline nephropathy

requires HYDRATION

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2
Q

low AFP and estriol

HIGH BhCG and inhibin A

A

Down Syndrome

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3
Q

elevated AFP

A

multiple gestations, open NTD and abdominal wall defects

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4
Q

best way to prevent neonatal tetanus

A

PREGNANT women have been vaccinated w/ tetanus toxoid so protective IgG Abs can cross placenta to fetus

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5
Q

Preoccupation w/ unexplained medical sxs and excessive health care

A

somatic symptom disorder

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6
Q

management for somatic sx disorder

A

regularly scheduled vsiits that focus on goal of funcitonal improvement w/ same provider

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7
Q

Coarse along hte posterior aspect of the humerus and are harmed in MIDSHAFT fractures and

A

DEEP brachial artery and radial nerve

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8
Q

surgical neck fx

A

axillary nerve and anteiror circulmflexhumoral artery

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9
Q

supracondylar fractures

A

brachial artery

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10
Q

Neurologic paraneoplastic syndromes (paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration)

A

autoimmune phenomenon

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11
Q

Delta agents can cause hepatitis w/ direct HBV assistance in what capacity?

A

HBsAg of hepatatis B virus must COAT the HDAg of hepatitis D virus before it can infect hepatocytes and multiply

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12
Q

AD disroder that leads to accelerated atherosclerosis and earlyl onset CAD

A

Familial hypercholesterolemia

hetero/homo LDL receptor mutations> hepatocyte under-expression of functional LDL receptorse

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13
Q

used to compare the exposure of ppl w/ disease (cases) to exposure of people w/out disease (controls)

A

Case Control

measure of association is exposure odds ratio

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14
Q

seen among heavy cigg smokers w/ onset

A

Buerger’s disease (THromboangiitis obliterans)

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15
Q

Buergers disease-type of vasculitis?

A

segmental thrombosing vasculitis that extends into contiguous veins/nerves and encases htem w/ fibrous tissue

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16
Q

Immunity against URI, meningitis and meningococcemia

A

Abs against their polysaccharide capsules

Meningococal vaccine contains capsular polysaccharides from major serotypes and induces production of protective anticapsular abs

17
Q

Plethoric face adn splenomegaly

peptic ulcer
itching
gouty arthritis

A

Polycythemica vera

clonal myeloproliferative disease of pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells

18
Q

Mutation seen in polycythemia vera

A

mutation in JAK2, non-receptor TK associated w/ erythropoietin receptor (type I cytokine receptor)

19
Q

Dehydration affects on RPF, GFR

A

DECREASE in RPF, DECRASE in GFR

compensatory activation of RAAS in response to hpyotension>
constriciotn of efferent arteriole to maintain GFR

FF INCREASES as RPF drops more than GFR

20
Q

monoclonal Ab directed against CD20 antigen

A

Rituximab

lymphoma w/ CD20 B cell marker

21
Q

inhibit neuronal high frequency firing by reducing abilibty of Na channels to recover from inactivation

A

phenytoin
carbamazepi;ne
valproic acid

22
Q

Ethosuximide mechanims

A

blocks T type Ca channels in thalamic neurons

23
Q

“water shed areas”

A

lie between perfusion of major arteries

splenic flexure
distal sigmoid colon

24
Q

TEtrodotoxin

A

Neurotoxin from pufferfish

blocks VG Na channels in nerve cell membranes

25
Q

Verapamil

A

blocks L type Ca channels

26
Q

Lidocaine

A

blocks VG Na channels

27
Q

Dofetilide

A

Class II

blocks passive transport of K

28
Q

Squatting in TOF

A

increases SVR and decreases R-> L shunting> increased pulmonary blood flow

29
Q 
Fever
cutaneous flushing
dry oral mucosa
dilated poorly reactive pupils
confusion
A

anticholinergic toxicity

30
Q

can mimic antimuscarinic SE

A

TCAs (amitrpytiline)

31
Q

G6PD inheritance

A

X linked RECESSIVE

**can be triggered by antimalarial drugs (HEINZ bodies)

32
Q

Hereditary spherocytosis

A

AD (JAY!!)

33
Q

structural bnormalities

A

AD usually

34
Q

enzymem def

A

AR usually

35
Q

urticaria

A

superifical dermal edema and lymphatic channel dilation

36
Q

CNS disorder

episodes of demyelinationa nd subsequent remyelination

A

MS

demylenination w/ relative preservation of axons> reduced saltatory conduction

**MRI

37
Q

lesion in the optic tract

A

contralateral homonymous hemianopia

relative afferent pupillary defect

38
Q

Lacunar infarct

A

small ischemic infarcts

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