Test 24- HRM

Question 1

hCG has a similar structure to what hormone

Answer 1

TSH

Question 2

29 y/o M w/ painless scrotal mass
Sweat and heat intolerance
Enlarged non tender right testicle
Increased T3 and T4

Answer 2

Testicular malignancy

Question 3

tumor associated w/ high hCG concentrations that can stimulate TSH receptors causing hyperthyroidism

Answer 3

Testicular germ cell tumors

Question 4

responsible for GONADAL differentiation into testes containing sertoli and leydig cells

Answer 4

SRY gene on Y chromosome

Question 5

cells that produce MIF that prevents devo of female INTERNAL genitalia

Answer 5

Sertoli

Question 6

Secrete testosterone necessary for devo of male INTERNAL genitalia

Answer 6

Leydig

Question 7

46 XY genotype fetus has testes w/ normally functioning ley dig cells but total absence of sertoli. What phenoytypes will develop?

Answer 7

No sertoli–> no MIF–> Female internal genitalia

Leydig> testosterone> male internal genitalia> DHT> male external genitalia

Question 8

Small and underdeveloped ovaries on gross examination. Light microscopy shows ovaries composed of CT with NO follicles

Answer 8

Streak Ovaries

Turner syndrome

Question 9

Common cardiac comorbidity associated w/ Turners

Answer 9

Bicuspid aortic valve

Question 10

Replacement of vaginal squamous epithelium with glandualr COLUMNAR epithelium

Answer 10

Vaginal adenosis

Female children of women exposed to DES during pregnancy

Question 11

XX female with normal ovaries and secondary sex characteristics, presents with amenorrhea and short vagina and variable (rudimentary) uterine devleopment

Answer 11

Vaginal agenesis (Mullerian aplasia)

Question 12

Cellular myxoid stroma that encircles and sometimes compresses epithelium lined glandular and cystic spaces

Answer 12

Fibroadenomas

Question 13

MC benign tumor of hte breast that arises in young women in their 20s-30s

Answer 13

fibroadenoma (can increase in size during luteal faze)

Question 14

New onset genital vesicular rash with a positive Tzank smear in previously asymptomatic pt

Answer 14

Genital herpes HSV2

Question 15

what drug can reduce recurrences of genital herpes through DAILY treatment

Answer 15

valcyclovir

Question 16

Reactivation of latent infections of HSV2 occurs in what ganglia

Answer 16

S2,3,4 dorsal root ganglia

Question 17

cause of bicornuate uterus

Answer 17

failure of the paramesonephric ducts to fuse and form the uterine tubes, uterus, cervix and upper 1/3 of the vagina

Question 18

what hormone increases following ovulation with the formation of the CL?

Answer 18

progesterone

Question 19

serous fluid accumulation in the tunica vaginalis

Answer 19

testicular hydrocele

Question 20

origin of the tunica vaginalis?

Answer 20

derived from the peritoneum> if it remains in communication with the peritoneum you can get a communicating hydrocele

Question 21

tunica albuginea

Answer 21

FIBROUS tissue that coveres the corpus spongiosum and corpora cavernosa of the penis

Question 22

What is a choriocarcinoma composed of histologically?

Answer 22

abnormal proliferation of both cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts

NO villi present

Question 23

Postpartum female presents with shortness of breath, hemoptysis, hematogenous spread to hte lungs and an increase in BhCG

Answer 23

choriocarcinoma

Question 24

MC causes of PID

Answer 24

N. gon

Chylamydia

Question 25

Treatment of gonococcal genital tract infections should always include treatment for what...

Answer 25

Chlamydia!! Ceftriaxone + (azithromyacin/doxycycline**)

Question 26

Injury to what part of the urethra is associated with pelvic fractures?

Answer 26

posterior urethra

Question 27

what part of the urethra is MC damaged in straddle injuries

Answer 27

anterior urethra (bulbous urethral segment) falling on a crossbar or a top of a fence

Question 28

Inability to void w/ a full bladder sensation, high ridding boggy prostate, blood at the urethral meatus in the presence of a pelvic fx

Answer 28

urethral injury

Question 29

nerves and vessels supplying the ovary are in what ligament

Answer 29

suspensory

Question 30

Anti progestin agent that can be used to terminate an early pregnancy

Answer 30

Mifepreistone

Question 31

Competitive inhibitor of progestins at progesteronereceptors

Answer 31

Mifepristone **endometrial lining won't build up and beocome habitable, and will instead slough off

Question 32

Prostaglandin E1 analogue often used in combination with mifepristone

Answer 32

Misoprostol Causes uterine contraction and cerical dilation

Question 33

Clues that point toward psychogenic impotence

Answer 33

Sudden onset | presence of morning erections

Question 34

MC medications that cause imotence

Answer 34

``` SSRIs SNS blockers (clonidine, methyldopa, betablockers) ```

Question 35

Obesity, hyperandrogenism, oligomenorrhea, infertility and ENLARGED ovaries w/ cysts

Answer 35

PCOS

Question 36

How do you commonly tx pts w/ PCOS?

Answer 36

weight loss regimens OCPS *clomiphene is often used in women who desire to become pregnant and want to induce ovulation

Question 37

Selective estrogen receptor modulator that prevents NFB inhibition on the hypothalamus by circulating estrogen leading to increased FSH/LH and ovulation

Answer 37

Clomiphene